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HSK 2 HSK 3.0 Syllabus

HSK 2 Grammar Patterns

The official syllabus of 78 core grammar structures and syntactic patterns for HSK 2, complete with bilingual example sentences.

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#71

面

后缀 语素
Examples:
  • 我想坐在教室前面。 I want to sit in the front of the classroom.
  • 你的书包里面有什么？ What's inside your schoolbag?
  • 学校后面有一家超市。 There's a supermarket behind the school.
#72

左、右

名词 词类
Examples:
  • 左边那件多少钱？ How much is the one on the left?
  • 你右边那个人是谁？ Who is that person on your right?
#73

AA、A一A、A了A、ABAB

动词 词类
Examples:
  • 那本书能给我看看吗？ Can you let me take a look at that book?
  • 请大家说一说自己的爱好。 Please talk about your hobbies.
  • 我尝了尝，觉得很好吃。 I tasted it and thought it was delicious.
  • 喝杯茶，休息休息吧。 Have a cup of tea and rest for a while.
#74

可能
动词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 她可能回家了。 She might have gone home.
  • 小猫可能在房间里。 The kitten might be in the room.
#75

帮忙、游泳、跳舞、跑步
动词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 你能帮我一个忙吗？ Can you do me a favor?
  • 晚上一起去游游泳，运动一下吧。 Let's go swimming together in the evening and get some exercise.
  • 星期六的晚上，我喜欢和朋友们一起唱唱歌，跳跳舞。 On Saturday evenings, I like to sing and dance with my friends.
  • 有时间你可以去外面跑跑步。 When you have time, you can go for a run outside.
#76

为什么

代词 词类
Examples:
  • 他昨天为什么没来上课？ Why didn't he come to class yesterday?
  • 你为什么想学中文？ Why do you want to learn Chinese?
#77

自己

代词 词类
Examples:
  • 下午我有事，你自己去，可以吗？ I have something to do this afternoon. Can you go by yourself?
#78

那么、那样、这么、这样、每
代词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 他为什么学得那么好？ Why does he study so well?
  • 那样的事情经常有。 Things like that happen often.
  • 这么多人，我们明天再来吧。 There are so many people. Let's come back tomorrow.
  • 这个字这样写，对吗？ Is this character written this way, right?
  • 你每天怎么去学校？ How do you go to school every day?
#79

AA、AABB

形容词 词类
Examples:
  • 她高高的个子，大大的眼睛，非常漂亮。 She is tall and has big eyes; she is very beautiful.
  • 大家高高兴兴地回家了。 Everyone went home happily.
#80

万、好多、多

数词 词类
Examples:
  • 两万三千、五万零八百、好多东西、好多人、二十多年、五十多人 twenty-three thousand, fifty thousand eight hundred, many things, many people, over twenty years, more than fifty people
#81

专用名量词：条、位、间、名

量词 词类
Examples:
  • 一条裤子、一位老师、一间教室、一名学生 a pair of pants, a teacher, a classroom, a student
#82

借用名量词：包

量词 词类
Examples:
  • 一包衣服、一包书 a bundle of clothes, a stack of books
#83

次

量词 词类
Examples:
  • 去一次、看一次 go once, watch once
#84

多、好、最
副词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 这只小狗多可爱啊！ How cute this puppy is!
  • 这个教室好大啊！ This classroom is so big!
  • 我最喜欢打篮球。 I like playing basketball the most.
#85

一起
副词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 晚上我们一起吃饭吧。 Let's have dinner together tonight.
  • 一起去看电影，怎么样？ How about going to the movies together?
#86

还2、已经、有时（候）、快、快要、正
副词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 他还没有起床呢。 He hasn't gotten up yet.
  • 张老师已经下班了。 Teacher Zhang has already left work.
  • 我有时（候）去超市买东西。 I sometimes go to the supermarket to buy things.
  • 下雨了，快回家吧。 It's raining, hurry home.
  • 新年快要到了。 The New Year is coming soon.
  • 我出来的时候，他正睡觉呢。 When I came out, he was sleeping.
#87

常、经常
副词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 我不常坐地铁。 I don't often take the subway.
  • 你经常上网买东西吗？ Do you often buy things online?
#88

别

副词 词类
Examples:
  • 下雨了，别出去了。 It's raining, don't go out.
  • 别忘了，明天有考试。 Don't forget, there's an exam tomorrow.
#89

再2、就1

副词 词类
Examples:
  • 我先休息一会儿再工作。 I'll rest for a while and then work.
  • 你洗完手再吃水果。 Wash your hands before eating fruit.
  • 因为身体不舒服，我就没去上课。 Because I wasn't feeling well, I didn't go to class.
  • 他一到北京就去了长城。 As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he went to the Great Wall.
#90

都2、就2、还是1
副词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 都十二点了，快睡觉吧。 It's already twelve o'clock, go to sleep.
  • 车站就在那个饭馆旁边。 The station is right next to that restaurant.
  • 就买这件白色的吧。 Just buy this white one.
  • 外边很冷，还是多穿一点儿吧。 It's cold outside, you'd better wear more.
#91

从1

介词 词类
Examples:
  • 我们从八点到十二点上课。 We have class from eight to twelve.
  • 你从哪儿来？ Where are you from?
#92

往

介词 词类
Examples:
  • 你从这儿往前走。 Go straight ahead from here.
  • 从这儿往下看，真漂亮啊！ Looking down from here is really beautiful!
#93

从2

介词 词类
Examples:
  • 这路公交车不从学校门口过。 This bus doesn't pass by the school gate.
  • 前门没开，咱们从后门进去吧。 The front door isn't open, so let's go in through the back door.
#94

给

介词 词类
Examples:
  • 我经常给爸爸妈妈打电话。 I often call my parents.
  • 我给老师买了一杯咖啡。 I bought a coffee for my teacher.
#95

比
介词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 今天比昨天热。 Today is hotter than yesterday.
  • 我觉得红色的比黑色的好看。 I think the red one is prettier than the black one.
#96

跟1

介词 词类
Examples:
  • 跟我说说你的爱好吧。 Tell me about your hobbies.
  • 我跟他见过一次。 I've met him once.
#97

因为1
介词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 因为中国电影，我开始学习中文。 Because of Chinese movies, I started learning Chinese.
#98

跟2

连词 词类
Examples:
  • 爸爸跟妈妈都不在家。 Dad and Mom are both not at home.
  • 我跟哥哥都在中国上学。 My brother and I both study in China.
#99

但、但是、那、虽然、还是2、因为2、所以
连词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 这家饭馆的菜很好吃，但/但是有点儿贵。 The food at this restaurant is delicious, but it's a bit expensive.
  • 你不舒服，那就别去了。 If you're not feeling well, then don't go.
  • 手机虽然不大，但/但是能帮我们做很多事。 Although the phone is small, it can help us do many things.
  • 你想喝茶还是喝咖啡？ Would you like tea or coffee?
  • 因为我最近每天看手机，所以眼睛有点儿不舒服。 Because I've been looking at my phone every day recently, my eyes are a bit uncomfortable.
#100

得、地

助词 词类
Examples:
  • 他汉语说得很好。 He speaks Chinese very well.
  • 大家正在高兴地唱歌。 Everyone is happily singing.
#101

过

助词 词类
Examples:
  • 你学过中文吗？ Have you ever studied Chinese?
  • 我没去过北京。 I have never been to Beijing.
#102

着
助词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 他穿着一条黑色的裤子。 He is wearing a pair of black pants.
  • 教室的门开着。 The classroom door is open.
  • 他们唱着歌，跳着舞，非常高兴。 They were singing and dancing, very happy.
#103

呢4、吧2、的2、啊1
助词 词类 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 她怎么不在家呢？ Why isn't she at home?
  • 明天你想去哪儿呢？ Where do you want to go tomorrow?
  • 这是你的手机吧？ This is your phone, right?
  • 这么晚了，超市已经关门了吧？ It's so late, the supermarket must be closed, right?
  • 我是去年九月来中国的。 I came to China in September last year.
  • 我们是在北京认识的。 We met in Beijing.
  • 他们是坐飞机去上海的。 They went to Shanghai by plane.
  • 今天的晚饭是我做的。 Today's dinner was made by me.
  • 你汉语说得真好啊！ You speak Chinese really well!
#104

动补短语1

结构类型 短语
Examples:
  • 听懂、回去、跑得很快、等一下 understand, go back, run fast, wait a moment
#105

“的”字短语

结构类型 短语
Examples:
  • 老师的、白色的、便宜的、妈妈做的 the teacher's, the white one, the cheap one, the one mom made
#106

连谓短语

结构类型 短语
Examples:
  • 来上课 come to class
  • 去上海旅游 go to Shanghai for tourism
  • 坐地铁去学校 take the subway to school
#107

兼语短语

结构类型 短语
Examples:
  • 请他来 invite him to come
  • 叫朋友帮忙 ask a friend to help
  • 让妈妈洗衣服 let mom do the laundry
#108

功能类型 短语
Examples:
  • 新电脑 new computer
  • 老师的书 teacher's book
  • 火车票 train ticket
  • 一个男孩 a boy
  • 两条 two (items)
  • 这间 this room
#109

功能类型 短语
Examples:
  • 写汉字 write Chinese characters
  • 听懂 understand by listening
  • 回去 go back
  • 经常上网 often go online
  • 可以进去 can go in
#110

功能类型 短语
Examples:
  • 很累 very tired
  • 非常忙 very busy
  • 慢一点儿 a little slower
#111

什么的

固定短语 短语
Examples:
  • 他喜欢唱歌、跳舞什么的。 He likes singing, dancing, and so on.
  • 足球、篮球什么的，我都喜欢。 I like football, basketball, and such things.
#112

还是……吧

固定格式
Examples:
  • 这些菜我都没吃过，还是你点吧。 I haven't tried any of these dishes, so you should order.
  • 你还是去医院看看吧。 You'd better go to the hospital and have a check-up.
#113

要/快要/就要……了

固定格式
Examples:
  • 电影要开始了。 The movie is about to start.
  • 我们快要开学了。 We are about to start school.
  • 下星期就要考试了。 The exam is coming next week.
#114

都……了

固定格式
Examples:
  • 都这么晚了，你怎么还不睡觉？ It's already so late, why aren't you sleeping yet?
  • 都十一点了，别看电视了。 It's already 11 o'clock, stop watching TV.
#115

受事主语

主语 句子成分
Examples:
  • 水果都吃完了。 The fruit has all been eaten.
  • 那本书我看过了。 That book, I have already read.
#116

名词性短语作谓语

谓语 句子成分
Examples:
  • 她高个子、大眼睛，很漂亮。 She is tall with big eyes and very pretty.
  • 王老师上海人，四十多岁。 Teacher Wang is from Shanghai and in his forties.
#117

动词或动词性短语、主谓短语作定语

定语 句子成分
Examples:
  • 那个唱歌的女孩儿是谁？ Who is that girl singing?
  • 这就是儿子我学习汉语的学校。 This is the school where my son studies Chinese.
  • 我还不知道电影开始的时间。 I still don't know the time when the movie starts.
#118

动词+错/懂/好/会/完

补语 句子成分
Examples:
  • 这个字你写错了。 You wrote this character wrong.
  • 老师的话你听懂了吗？ Did you understand what the teacher said?
  • 衣服已经洗好了。 The clothes are already washed.
  • 我学会游泳了。 I have learned how to swim.
  • 题太多了，我没做完。 There were too many questions, so I didn't finish them all.
#119

简单趋向补语的趋向意义用法：动词+来/去

补语 句子成分
Examples:
  • 你上来吧，我在楼上等你。 Come up, I'm waiting for you upstairs.
  • 太晚了，你快回去吧。 It's too late, you should go back quickly.
#120

简单趋向补语的趋向意义用法：动词+上/下/进/出/过/回

补语 句子成分
Examples:
  • 飞机飞上天了。 The plane flew up into the sky.
  • 弟弟跑下楼了。 My younger brother ran downstairs.
  • 老师走进办公室了。 The teacher walked into the office.
  • 他从包里拿出一本书。 He took out a book from his bag.
  • 我们一起走回学校吧。 Let's walk back to school together.
#121

复合趋向补语的趋向意义用法：动词+出来/出去/过来/过去/回来/回去/进来/进去/起来/上来/上去/下来/下去
补语 句子成分 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 车开过来了，大家快上车。 The car is coming over here, everyone get on quickly.
  • 她在那边等着呢，咱们走过去吧。 She's waiting over there, let's walk over.
  • 他从书包里拿出来一本中文书。 He took out a Chinese book from his backpack.
  • 妈妈从超市买回来一些水果。 Mom bought some fruit back from the supermarket.
  • 王老师我走进教室来了。 Teacher Wang, I walked into the classroom.
  • 咱们的车能开进学校去吗？ Can our car drive into the school?
  • 你可以站起来吗？ Can you stand up?
  • 他们怎么还没有走上来？ Why haven't they come up yet?
  • 你在楼上等我，我给你送上去。 You wait upstairs, I'll bring it up to you.
  • 他们从山上走下来了。 They walked down from the mountain.
  • 这些东西你帮我拿下去吧。 Please take these things down for me.
#122

动词+得+形容词性短语

补语 句子成分
Examples:
  • 大家玩儿得很高兴。 Everyone had a great time.
  • 他篮球打得很好。 He plays basketball very well.
#123

表示动作持续的时间

补语 句子成分
Examples:
  • 我学了两年中文了。 I have studied Chinese for two years.
  • 我等了她一个多小时。 I waited for her for over an hour.
  • 他们昨天看了一晚上的电视。 They watched TV all evening yesterday.
#124

形容词+数量补语

补语 句子成分
Examples:
  • 坐地铁比坐公交车快一些。 Taking the subway is a bit faster than taking the bus.
  • 我哥哥比我大两岁。 My older brother is two years older than me.
#125

主谓句4：主谓谓语句

句型 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 她个子很高。 She is very tall.
  • 这件事我知道。 I know about this matter.
#126

用“还是”连接的选择问句

句类 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 是我自己去，还是你跟我一起去？ Should I go by myself, or will you come with me?
  • 你喜欢打篮球，还是喜欢踢足球？ Do you like playing basketball, or do you prefer playing soccer?
#127

用“别”的祈使句

句类 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 下雨了，别出去了。 It's raining, so don't go out.
  • 别忘了，明天有考试。 Don't forget, there's an exam tomorrow.
#128

表示说明或特征

特殊句式 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 那件衣服是新的。 That piece of clothing is new.
  • 这个手机是坏的，不能用。 This phone is broken and can't be used.
#129

表示达到

特殊句式 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 王老师有三十岁吗？ Is Teacher Wang thirty years old?
  • 这些水果有一百块钱吗？ Do these fruits cost a hundred yuan?
#130

处所+动词+着(+数量短语)+名词

特殊句式 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 门口站着一个人。 There is a person standing at the door.
  • 教室里坐着十几个学生。 There are more than ten students sitting in the classroom.
#131

A比B+形容词
特殊句式 句子的类型 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 姐姐比我高。 My older sister is taller than me.
  • 公交车比地铁便宜。 The bus is cheaper than the subway.
#132

A比B+形容词+数量补语/程度补语
特殊句式 句子的类型 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 哥哥比我大两岁。 My older brother is two years older than me.
  • 咖啡比奶茶贵一点儿。 Coffee is a little more expensive than milk tea.
  • 今天比昨天冷多了。 Today is much colder than yesterday.
  • 姐姐的个子比妹妹高得多。 My older sister's height is much taller than my younger sister's.
#133

A有/没有B（+这么/那么）+形容词

特殊句式 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 你有他高吗？ Are you as tall as him?
  • 今天没有昨天（那么）冷。 Today is not as cold as yesterday.
  • 我的汉语没有你（这么）好。 My Chinese is not as good as yours.
#134

A比B+动词+得+形容词/A+动词+得+比+B+形容词

特殊句式 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 她比我说得好。 She speaks better than me.
  • 我跑得比弟弟快。 I run faster than my younger brother.
#135

强调时间、地点、方式、动作者

特殊句式 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 我是去年九月来中国的。 I came to China last September.
  • 我们是在北京认识的。 We met in Beijing.
  • 他们是坐飞机去上海的。 They went to Shanghai by plane.
  • 今天的晚饭是我做的。 Today's dinner was made by me.
#136

表使令：主语+请/叫/让……+宾语1+动词+宾语2
特殊句式 句子的类型 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 妈妈叫我去超市买水果。 Mom asked me to go to the supermarket to buy fruit.
  • 我想请老师教我中文。 I want to ask the teacher to teach me Chinese.
  • 老师让我们介绍一下自己的爱好。 The teacher let us introduce our own hobbies.
#137

主语+动词+给+宾语1+宾语2

特殊句式 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 爸爸送给我一个新手机。 Dad gave me a new phone.
  • 他卖给我一本中文书。 He sold me a Chinese book.
#138

（是）……，还是……

复句 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 你（是）喝茶，还是喝咖啡？ Do you want tea or coffee?
  • 你（是）喜欢白色的，还是黑色的？ Do you like the white one or the black one?
#139

虽然……，但是……
复句 句子的类型 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 虽然学习的时间不长，但是他汉语说得很好。 Although he hasn't been studying for long, he speaks Chinese very well.
  • 学汉语虽然难，但是很有意思。 Although learning Chinese is hard, it's very interesting.
#140

因为……，所以……
复句 句子的类型 Deep Guide
Examples:
  • 因为机票太贵了，所以我准备坐火车去。 Because the plane tickets were too expensive, I plan to go by train.
  • 因为我爸爸在中国工作，所以我来这儿学习中文。 Because my father works in China, I came here to study Chinese.
#141

一……就……

复句 句子的类型
Examples:
  • 他一下课就去打篮球了。 As soon as class was over, he went to play basketball.
  • 我一到商场就想买东西。 As soon as I arrive at the mall, I want to buy things.
#142

动词+着：表示状态的持续

动作的态
Examples:
  • 门开着，你进去吧。 The door is open, you can go in.
  • 别站着，快请坐。 Don't stand, please sit down.
#143

动词+着：表示动作的持续

动作的态
Examples:
  • 他们正吃着饭呢。 They are eating right now.
  • 教室里正上着课呢。 They are having class in the classroom right now.
#144

用动态助词“过”表示

动作的态
Examples:
  • 你学过中文吗？ Have you ever studied Chinese?
  • 我没去过北京。 I have never been to Beijing.
#145

序数表示法2：数词+量词

数的表达法 特殊表达法
Examples:
  • 我的房间在三楼。 My room is on the third floor.
  • 你可以坐304路公交车。 You can take bus number 304.
#146

概数表达法1：用“几”表示概数

数的表达法 特殊表达法
Examples:
  • 这几件衣服你帮我洗一下。 Please wash these few clothes for me.
  • 我们学校有几百名外国学生。 Our school has several hundred foreign students.
#147

概数表达法1：数词+多+量词

数的表达法 特殊表达法
Examples:
  • 教室里有二十多个学生。 There are more than twenty students in the classroom.
  • 那个手机五千多块钱。 That phone costs over five thousand yuan.
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概数表达法1：数词+量词+多

数的表达法 特殊表达法
Examples:
  • 我来中国已经三年多了。 I have been in China for over three years.
  • 王老师的儿子今年六岁多了。 Teacher Wang's son is over six years old this year.