Elementary Stage · HSK 3.0 Standard
HSK 1 Syllabus & Graded Readings
Breakthrough & Everyday Survival — Building Your First Real Reading Foundations.
Official Benchmark
Can understand and use simple Chinese expressions in daily living scenarios.
Real-World Action Goals
Practical real-world communication milestones. Master these capability benchmarks to advance your conversational fluency!
Exchanging Personal Details (问答个人基本信息)
#1
Can understand simple questions and introductions about personal details (e.g., name, nationality, age, gender, preferences, habits, identity, family, friends, skills) in settings like parties, orientation, and events.
能听懂在聚会、新生报到、参加活动等场景中关于个人基本信息的简单问题，或关于个人基本信息的简单介绍，如：姓名、国籍、年龄、性别、喜好、习惯、身份、家庭成员、朋友、技能等。
Exchanging Personal Details (问答个人基本信息)
#2
Can ask for and answer simple questions about personal details in these settings.
能在上述场景中询问个人的基本信息；能回答上述场景中关于个人基本信息的简单问题。
Exchanging Personal Details (问答个人基本信息)
#3
Can briefly introduce personal details such as name, nationality, age, gender, preferences, habits, identity, family, friends, and skills.
能简单介绍上述个人基本信息。
Exchanging Personal Details (问答个人基本信息)
#4
Can identify personal details on business cards, ID cards, student cards, and short readings, signs, and brief notices.
能识别名片、身份证、学生卡、短小读物等材料上的上述个人基本信息。
Asking & Answering About Events (问答事件信息)
#5
Can understand simple questions and introductions about event information (e.g., date, time, place, location, attendees, phone numbers) in daily life.
能听懂日常生活中关于事件信息的简单问题，或关于事件基本信息的简单介绍。如：日期、时间、地点、方位、活动参加者、电话号码等。
Asking & Answering About Events (问答事件信息)
#6
Can ask family, friends, and classmates about simple event details and answer such questions in everyday conversation.
能向家人、朋友、同学等询问上述简单事件信息；能在日常交流中回答关于上述简单事件信息的询问。
Asking & Answering About Events (问答事件信息)
#7
Can briefly describe event details to others.
能向他人简单介绍上述事件信息。
Asking & Answering About Events (问答事件信息)
#8
Can read simple event information in public places like hospitals, cinemas, and libraries.
能看懂医院、电影院、图书馆等公共场所出现的简单事件信息。
Asking & Answering About Items (问答物品信息)
#9
Can understand simple questions and introductions about everyday items (e.g., names, size, quantity, quality, condition) at home, in dorms, shops, and schools.
能听懂家中、宿舍、商场、学校等场景中关于物品信息的简单问题，或关于常用物品信息的简单介绍。如：日常生活物品、学习用品名称，物品大小、数量、好坏、新旧等方面的特征。
Asking & Answering About Items (问答物品信息)
#10
Can ask family, friends, and classmates about everyday items and answer simple questions about them in daily conversation.
能询问家人、朋友、同学等日常物品的简单信息；能在日常交流中回答关于物品信息的简单询问。
Asking & Answering About Items (问答物品信息)
#11
Can give simple information about objects, such as naming them and briefly describing their features.
能简单介绍物品信息，如：说出物品名称，并对物品特征进行简单描述。
Asking & Answering About Items (问答物品信息)
#12
Can understand simple names and descriptions of objects in everyday settings, including size, quantity, and ownership.
能在常见的生活场景中看懂某些简单的物品名称，以及关于物品大小、数量、领属等特征的简单描述。
Talking About Weather (问答天气)
#13
Can understand simple questions and introductions about weather conditions, such as good/bad, hot/cold, in daily conversations.
能听懂日常交流中关于天气好坏、冷热等的简单问题，或关于某地上述天气信息的简单介绍。
Talking About Weather (问答天气)
#14
Can ask and answer simple questions about weather conditions, such as good/bad, hot/cold, for a specific place.
能询问关于某地天气的好坏、冷热等简单信息；能回答关于上述天气简单信息的询问。
Talking About Weather (问答天气)
#15
Can briefly describe the weather in a place, including temperature, conditions, and precipitation, and can express preferences about the weather.
能简单介绍某地的天气情况，如冷热、好坏、雨雪等，能简单表达对天气的喜好。
Talking About Weather (问答天气)
#16
Can understand simple written descriptions of weather conditions, such as hot/cold, rain/snow.
能看懂关于某地天气情况的简单介绍，如：冷热、雨雪等。
Asking & Answering About Environment (问答环境信息)
#17
Can understand simple questions and introductions about common places and environments, such as schools, cinemas, and supermarkets.
能听懂日常交流中关于某个地方怎么样的简单问题，或关于某个常见环境或场所的简单介绍，如：学校、电影院、超市等。
Asking & Answering About Environment (问答环境信息)
#18
Can ask and answer simple questions about common places and environments, including size, quality, and location, and can express likes and dislikes.
能询问关于某个常见环境或场所的简单信息；能回答关于某个地方环境信息的简单问题，如：大小、好坏、方位等；能询问或表达对该环境信息的好恶。
Asking & Answering About Environment (问答环境信息)
#19
Can briefly describe a place or environment, including its size, location, and personal preferences.
能简单介绍某个环境或场所的信息，如大小、方位、自己的喜好等。
Asking & Answering About Environment (问答环境信息)
#20
Can identify simple information such as names and locations of places from everyday signs.
能在日常标识中识别场所的名称、方位等简单信息。
Everyday Verbal Interaction (日常言语交往)
#21
Can understand and exchange simple polite expressions in social situations like parties, farewells, and meeting new people, such as greetings, thanks, apologies, and goodbyes.
能听懂在聚会、告别、结识新朋友等场景中对方的简单礼貌用语，并与对方互致简单礼貌用语。如：你好、谢谢、对不起、再见等。
Everyday Verbal Interaction (日常言语交往)
#22
Can understand and make simple inquiries or requests in everyday conversations, such as introducing each other, asking for help, making choices, and making phone calls.
能听懂日常言语交往中对方的简单询问或请求；能在日常言语交往中向他人发出简单的询问或请求。如：互相介绍、请求帮助、做出选择、接打电话等。
Everyday Verbal Interaction (日常言语交往)
#23
Can understand others' simple expressions of needs or feelings, and can express own needs or feelings simply, such as what they want or whether they are happy.
能听懂他人关于自己需求或心情的简单表达；能简单表达自己的需求或心情。如：要什么、是否高兴等。
Everyday Verbal Interaction (日常言语交往)
#24
Can understand simple polite expressions and expressions of intent in social media, text messages, and emails.
能看懂社交平台、短信、邮件中对方的简单礼貌用语和意愿表达。
Discussing Food Preferences (问答饮食喜好)
#25
Can understand simple expressions about dining, such as willingness to eat, who is joining, food preferences, meals of the day, quality of food, and dining time and place.
能听懂对方关于就餐的简单表达，如：就餐意愿、就餐人员、喜欢的食物、三餐食物、饮食好坏、就餐时间和地点等。
Discussing Food Preferences (问答饮食喜好)
#26
Can ask others for simple information about daily diet, dining, and cooking, and can answer simple questions about these topics.
能询问他人关于日常饮食、就餐、做饭的上述简单信息；能回答他人关于上述信息的简单询问。
Discussing Food Preferences (问答饮食喜好)
#27
Can briefly describe own dietary preferences and cooking habits, such as favorite foods and daily meals.
能简单介绍自己的饮食喜好、做饭情况等。如：喜欢的食物、一日三餐等。
Discussing Food Preferences (问答饮食喜好)
#28
Can read common food names in places like restaurants and supermarkets, such as water, milk, apples, baozi, and dumplings.
能在饭店、超市等场所看懂某些常见食物的名称。如：水、牛奶、苹果、包子、饺子等。
Asking & Answering About Travel (问答出行信息)
#29
Can understand simple questions about travel methods and arrangements, or simple introductions to daily travel information, such as how they get to work or school, time, and destination.
能听懂他人关于出行方式、出行安排的简单问题，或关于日常出行信息的简单介绍。如：上班、上学、外出的方式、时间、目的地等。
Asking & Answering About Travel (问答出行信息)
#30
Can ask for simple information about daily travel and answer simple questions about travel methods and arrangements.
能询问关于日常出行的简单信息；能回答关于日常出行方式和出行安排的简单问题。
Asking & Answering About Travel (问答出行信息)
#31
Can give simple information about travel plans for themselves, family, or friends.
能简单介绍自己、家人或朋友的出行信息。
Asking & Answering About Travel (问答出行信息)
#32
Can interact simply when asking for directions, such as asking or confirming a place or location.
能在问路时进行简单交流。如：向对方询问或跟对方确认某处的地点、位置。
Asking & Answering About Travel (问答出行信息)
#33
Can understand time and location information on tickets for common travel like trains and planes.
能看懂火车、飞机等常见出行方式的地点、时间信息。
Asking & Answering About Products (问答商品信息)
#34
Can understand simple product information from shop assistants or friends, such as everyday item names and prices, and can understand simple questions about shopping preferences.
能听懂超市、商店售货员，或同学、朋友等人关于商品简单信息的介绍，如：日常商品名称、价格；能听懂他人提出的关于选购意愿的简单提问。
Asking & Answering About Products (问答商品信息)
#35
Can ask simple questions about products, such as price and availability, and can answer similar questions from others.
能向他人询问商品的简单信息，如：商品价格、是否有货；能回答他人关于上述信息的简单询问。
Asking & Answering About Products (问答商品信息)
#36
Can express simple shopping preferences and can briefly describe purchased items, such as name and price.
能向他人简单表达选购意愿；能向他人简单介绍所购商品的信息，如：名称、价格等。
Asking & Answering About Products (问答商品信息)
#37
Can read simple labels on everyday products, such as name, price, and date.
能看懂一些日常商品的简单标签信息。如：名称、价格、日期等。
Reporting Illness & Visiting the Sick (告知生病、探病)
#38
Can understand simple statements about being ill or needing medical care, simple medical advice about eating and sleeping, and simple comfort from family and friends, like 'rest more'.
能听懂别人生病、想要就医的简单表述；能听懂关于吃饭、睡觉等的简单医嘱；能听懂家人、朋友的简单安慰，如：多休息等。
Reporting Illness & Visiting the Sick (告知生病、探病)
#39
Can tell others when feeling unwell and express a simple need to see a doctor.
能在自己生病时告知别人，简单表达就医意愿。
Reporting Illness & Visiting the Sick (告知生病、探病)
#40
Can express a simple wish to visit a sick friend or relative and offer simple comfort.
能在亲友生病时简单表达想去看望的意愿，表达简单的安慰。
Talking About Leisure Activities (交流休闲活动)
#41
Can understand simple questions and brief introductions about everyday leisure activities and preferences, such as reading, singing, or watching TV.
能听懂他人关于日常休闲活动的简单问题，或关于某人喜好的日常休闲活动的简单信息介绍。如：看书、唱歌、看电视等。
Talking About Leisure Activities (交流休闲活动)
#42
Can ask family, friends, and classmates about their favorite leisure activities, and can answer simple questions about their own or others' leisure preferences and plans.
能询问家人、朋友、同学等喜好的日常休闲活动；能回答关于自己、家人或朋友日常休闲活动的喜好、安排等简单问题。
Talking About Leisure Activities (交流休闲活动)
#43
Can briefly describe their own leisure activity preferences and plans.
能简单介绍自己对日常休闲活动的喜好、安排等。
Talking About Leisure Activities (交流休闲活动)
#44
Can read simple information about leisure activities, such as time and place.
能看懂关于日常休闲活动的简单信息，如：活动的时间和地点等。
Describing Study Situations (介绍学习情况)
#45
Can understand simple questions from classmates, teachers, or family about study situations, and brief introductions from peers about their studies, such as school, subjects, and class times.
能听懂同学、老师、家人询问学习情况的简单问题，或同学、朋友关于学习情况的简单介绍。如：所在学校、科目、上课时间等。
Describing Study Situations (介绍学习情况)
#46
Can ask classmates or friends simple questions about their studies, and can answer simple questions about study-related information.
能询问同学或朋友关于学习情况的简单信息；能回答关于学习情况信息的简单问题。
Describing Study Situations (介绍学习情况)
#47
Can briefly introduce their own study situation to teachers, classmates, or family.
能向老师、同学、家人简单介绍自己的上述学习情况。
Describing Study Situations (介绍学习情况)
#48
Can read simple course schedule information, such as subjects and times.
能看懂课表中关于课程的简单信息，如：科目、时间等。
Discussing School & Extracurricular Activities (交流学校情况、课后活动)
#49
Can understand simple questions from family, classmates, or friends about school life and after-school activities, and brief introductions about school and extracurricular activities, such as basic info about the school, teachers, and classmates, and after-school plans.
能听懂家人、同学、朋友等询问学校情况、课后活动的简单问题，或关于学校学习和课后活动信息的简单介绍。如：学校、老师、同学的基本信息，课后安排等。
Discussing School & Extracurricular Activities (交流学校情况、课后活动)
#50
Can ask classmates or friends simple questions about school life and after-school activities, and can answer simple questions from family or friends about school and extracurricular activities.
能询问同学、朋友关于学校情况和课后活动的简单信息；能回答家人、朋友等关于学校和课后活动信息的简单问题。
Discussing School & Extracurricular Activities (交流学校情况、课后活动)
#51
Can give a simple introduction to their school and after-school activities, such as teachers, classmates, school, and schedule.
能简单介绍自己的学校情况和课后活动信息。如：老师、同学、学校、课后安排等。
Discussing School & Extracurricular Activities (交流学校情况、课后活动)
#52
Can read simple information about school or after-school activities from materials like timetables and student information sheets.
能看懂课表、学生信息表等材料中有关上述学习或课后活动的简单信息。
Exchanging Work Information (交流工作信息)
#53
Can understand simple questions from family, colleagues, or friends about work information, or simple introductions about someone's job, such as what they do, working hours, workplace, and whether they like it.
能听懂家人、同事、朋友等询问工作信息的简单问题，或他人关于工作信息的简单介绍。如：做什么工作、工作时间、工作地点、喜欢与否等。
Exchanging Work Information (交流工作信息)
#54
Can ask others simple questions about their job or occupation, and can answer simple questions about their own job or occupation.
能询问他人关于上述工作信息或职业的简单情况；能回答他人关于工作信息或职业的简单问题。
Exchanging Work Information (交流工作信息)
#55
Can give a simple introduction to their own, their family's, or friends' occupations or job duties.
能简单介绍自己、家人、朋友的职业或工作内容。
Exchanging Work Information (交流工作信息)
#56
Can read simple introductions about a person or job information, such as job title, working hours, and location.
能看懂关于某人或某种工作信息的简单介绍。如：职业名称、工作时间、地点等。
Discussing Traditional Chinese Food (问答中国传统饮食)
#57
Can understand simple questions about traditional Chinese food or simple introductions to Chinese eating habits, such as what Chinese people like to eat and drink.
能听懂他人询问关于中国传统饮食的简单问题，或关于中国传统饮食习惯的简单介绍。如：中国人喜欢吃什么、喝什么等。
Discussing Traditional Chinese Food (问答中国传统饮食)
#58
Can ask simple questions about traditional Chinese food, introduce Chinese traditional eating habits, and express their own or family's preferences, such as liking baozi, dumplings, noodles, or tea.
能询问关于中国传统饮食的简单情况，或简单介绍中国人的传统饮食习惯、表达自己或家人对中国传统饮食的喜好等。如：中国人喜欢吃包子、饺子、面条、喝茶，自己或家人是否喜欢等。
Discussing Traditional Chinese Food (问答中国传统饮食)
#59
Can read simple information about traditional Chinese food on menus, such as baozi, dumplings, noodles, and tea.
能看懂菜单上关于中国传统饮食的简单信息，如：包子、饺子、面条、茶等。
Thematic Scenarios & Topics
Structured scenario taxonomy connecting everyday conversational contexts with official exam domains.
Basic Information · Personal Information
#1
Personal Info & Preferences
姓名、国籍、年龄、性别、喜好、习惯等
Basic Information · Personal Information
#2
Identity & Relationships
身份、家庭成员、朋友、技能等
Basic Information · Event Information
#3
Time & Place Details
日期、时间、地点、方位、参加者、号码等
Basic Information · Item Information
#4
Object Names
物品名称
Basic Information · Item Information
#5
Object Features
物品特征
Basic Information · Environmental Information
#6
Weather
天气
Basic Information · Environmental Information
#7
Environment & Surroundings
环境特点
Daily Life · Socializing & Interaction
#8
Everyday Politeness
基本礼貌行为
Daily Life · Socializing & Interaction
#9
Simple Interactions
简单互动行为
Daily Life · Socializing & Interaction
#10
Feelings & Wishes
意愿感受
Daily Life · Food & Drink
#11
Food & Drinks
食物饮品
Daily Life · Food & Drink
#12
Dining Out
就餐
Daily Life · Transportation & Travel
#13
Asking for Directions
问路
Daily Life · Transportation & Travel
#14
Getting Around
出行方式
Daily Life · Transportation & Travel
#15
Trip Planning
出行安排
Daily Life · Shopping
#16
Product Names
商品名称
Daily Life · Shopping
#17
Prices & Bargaining
商品价格
Daily Life · Shopping
#18
Shopping Choices
商品选购
Daily Life · Healthcare & Health
#19
Health & Visits
生病、看病、探病等
Daily Life · Leisure
#20
Leisure Activities
休闲活动
Education · Study Situations
#21
Course Info
课程信息
Education · Study Situations
#22
Learning Materials
学习内容
Education · Study Situations
#23
Education Levels
教育层次
Education · Campus Life
#24
School Overview & Facilities
学校情况
Education · Campus Life
#25
After-School Activities
课后活动
Workplace Life · Work Situations
#26
Job Details
工作信息
Workplace Life · Work Situations
#27
Performance & Feedback
工作评价
Workplace Life · Professions
#28
Career Paths
职业种类
Culture & Traditions · Food Culture
#29
Chinese Cuisine
中餐
Culture & Traditions · Food Culture
#30
Traditional Drinks
传统饮品
Core Vocabulary Flashcards
Essential words for HSK 1. Aligned tone marks, pinyin, and standard parts of speech.
#1
4 爱
[v.] To protect and care for someone with deep heartfelt affection; To love, cherish, or enjoy doing something
#2
1 八
[num.] Two strokes parting to denote the number eight; Eight
#3
4 爸
5 爸
[n.] father; dad
#4
5 吧
[part.] A mouth-sound particle built from 口 plus phonetic 巴 to soften a spoken utterance; Sentence-final modal particle for suggestions, requests, agreement, or uncertainty
#5
2 白
1 天
[n.] daytime; day
#6
#7 3 百
[num.] A full count of ten tens, marked by adding one stroke to 白; One hundred
4 半
[num.] Half, semi-, midway, or partial.
#8
1 包
5 子
[n.] steamed stuffed bun; baozi
#9
1 杯
5 子
[n.] cup; glass; mug
#10
3 本
[m.] The root of a tree or plant, the base from which stems grow; Measure word for bound volumes such as books, periodicals, notebooks, and files
#11
1 边
[n., suff.] The edge or border of a territory or object; Side, direction, place, or aspect
#12
#13 4 病
[n., v.] A sick person lying in a bed (疒), showing illness or disease; Illness, sickness, disease
4 不
[adv.] Negation of an action, quality, or state; Not
#14 2 不
4 客
5 气
you're welcome; don't mention it
#15
2 不
4 要
[adv.] don't; do not
#16
#17 4 菜
[n.] Edible green plants gathered or plucked from the ground; Vegetables, dishes, cuisine, or food in general
2 茶
[n.] The bitter leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant steeped in hot water as a drink; Tea, tea leaves, the brewed beverage, or things related to tea
#18
4 唱
[v.] To lead a melody or chant aloud for others to follow; To sing songs, chant, or perform a tune with the voice
#19
1 超
4 市
[n.] supermarket
#20
#21 1 车
[n.] A wheeled cart or chariot used to carry goods, people, or soldiers; Any wheeled vehicle such as a car, bus, train, or cart
1 吃
[v.] To take food into the mouth, chew, and swallow; To eat, absorb, take in, or endure something (losses, hardship, surprise)
#22
1 出
1 租
1 车
[n.] taxi; cab
#23
1 穿
[v.] To pierce through or bore a hole with a sharp point; To wear or put on clothes
#24
#25 3 打
4 电
4 话
to make a phone call
4 大
[adj.] A person with arms and legs spread wide, taking up the largest possible space; Big, large, great, major
#26
4 大
1 家
[pron.] everyone; everybody
#27
#28 4 大
2 学
[n.] university; college
4 大
2 学
1 生
[n.] university student; college student
#29 4 到
[v.] To arrive at a place after traveling or moving toward it; To reach a destination, time, or extent
#30 5 的
[part.] A mark of clarity aiming at the exact noun a modifier applies to; The ubiquitous possessive or descriptive particle meaning 's or "of"
#31
4 第
[pref.] Bamboo slips bound in sequence, marking order and rank; Prefix placed before numbers to make ordinals: first, second, third
#32
4 弟
5 弟
[n.] younger brother
#33
3 点
[m.] A precise point or dot marking one position on a scale or dial; O'clock
#34
4 店
[n.] A roofed building or stall where merchants sell goods or offer lodging to travelers; A shop, store, outlet, or inn
#35
4 电
4 话
[n.] telephone; phone call
#36
4 电
3 脑
[n.] computer
#37
4 电
4 视
[n.] television; TV
#38
#39 4 电
3 影
[n.] movie; film
4 电
3 影
4 院
[n.] cinema; movie theater
#40 1 东
5 西
[n.] thing; object; stuff
#41 1 都
[adv.] A walled capital where people and goods all gather together; All
#42
2 读
[v.] To voice written texts aloud, reciting each word for study; To read, read aloud, study, or pronounce a character
#43
#44 2 读
1 书
[v.] to read a book; to study; to attend school
4 对
[adj., prep.] Matched face-to-face and measured to be exactly fitting; Correct, right
#45
#46 4 对
5 不
3 起
[v.] to be sorry; to let someone down
1 多
[adj., v., pron.] Two stacked pieces of meat representing abundance and a large quantity; Many, much, more
#47
1 多
5 少
[pron.] how many; how much
#48
2 儿
5 子
[n.] son
#49
4 二
[num.] Two parallel strokes representing the number two; Two
#50
#51 4 饭
[n.] Cooked grains, especially steamed rice, as the staple food; Rice, a meal, or food in general
4 饭
4 店
[n.] restaurant; hotel
#52
#53 2 房
1 间
[n.] room
1 非
2 常
[adv.] very; extremely; highly
#54
1 飞
1 机
[n.] airplane; aircraft
#55
1 分
[m.] A small slice cut from a whole, originally one-tenth of a base unit; A minute of time
#56
#57 1 分
1 钟
[m.] minute (unit of time)
1 高
4 兴
[adj.] happy; glad; pleased
#58
1 歌
[n.] A vocal tune produced through rhythmic chanting and exhaled breath; Song, tune, or melody
#59
#60 1 哥
5 哥
[n.] older brother; elder brother
4 个
[m.] A single bamboo stalk or sliver split off as one countable unit; The default measure word for people, objects, and concepts
#61 3 给
[v.] To join silk threads together so as to supply or equip someone; To give, hand over, offer, or let someone have or benefit from something
#62 1 公
1 司
[n.] company; corporation
#63 1 工
4 作
[v., n.] to work; job; task
#64
3 狗
[n.] A young dog or whelp, distinct from an adult hound; Any dog
#65
4 贵
[adj.] Priced high in cowrie-shell currency (贝); Expensive, precious, noble, or highly esteemed
#66
#67 2 国
[n.] A walled territory or city-state with defined borders; Country, nation, or state
2 还
[adv.] A path turning back to its starting point, repeating the same course; Still
#68
#69 2 孩
5 子
[n.] child; kid
4 汉
3 语
[n.] Chinese language; Mandarin
#70
4 汉
4 字
[n.] Chinese characters
#71
#72 3 好
[adj.] Beautiful and good; a woman with a child was seen as a blessing and virtue
3 好
1 吃
[adj.] delicious; tasty
#73
3 好
4 看
[adj.] good-looking; attractive; interesting to watch
#74
3 好
1 听
[adj.] pleasant to hear; nice-sounding
#75
3 好
2 玩
5 儿
[adj.] fun; interesting; amusing
#76
#77 4 号
[n., m.] A name or mark called out to identify and distinguish a person or thing; Number, date (day of the month), size, issue
1 喝
[v.] To open the mouth and take liquid into the body; To drink water, tea, alcohol, soup, or other liquids
#78 2 和
[prep., conj.] Harmonious accord between separate sounds or people; And
#79 3 很
[adv.] To disobey or move with stubborn difficulty; Very
#80
4 后
[n.] The space or position behind someone or something; the rear side
#81
2 回
[v.] To revolve in a spiral and return to the starting point; To return, go back, or reply
#82
4 会
[v.] To bring people or things together in one place; To know how to do something
#83
#84 3 火
1 车
[n.] train
1 鸡
4 蛋
[n.] egg; hen's egg
#85
3 几
[pron., num.] A low table (几) holding only a small countable number of items; Asks “how many?” for small numbers
#86
1 家
[n., m.] A roofed dwelling sheltering a pig, marking a settled household and family; Home, family, household
#87
1 家
2 人
[n.] family member(s); family
#88
4 见
[v.] To perceive with the eyes as an active act of sight; To see, catch sight of, meet, or visit someone
#89
4 件
[m.] One separate part of a divided ox, treated as a countable unit; A general measure word for physical items, articles of clothing, matters, and events
#90
#91 3 饺
5 子
[n.] dumpling
4 叫
[v.] To cry out or shout loudly with the mouth; To be named
#92
3 姐
5 姐
[n.] older sister; elder sister
#93
#94 1 今
2 年
[n.] this year
1 今
1 天
[n.] today
#95
#96 3 九
[num.] A bent elbow or hooked arm shape (the old pictograph) borrowed to stand for the numeral nine; Nine
2 觉
5 得
[v.] to think; to feel
#97 1 开
[v.] To unbolt and push apart a pair of closed gates; To open, start, turn on, drive, operate, or blossom
#98
#99 1 开
1 车
[v.] to drive a car
4 看
[v.] To shade the eyes to observe from a distance; To look, watch, read, see, or visit someone
#100
#101 4 看
4 病
[v.] to see a doctor; (of a doctor) to see a patient
4 看
4 见
[v.] to see; to catch sight of
#102 3 可
3 以
[v., adj.] can; may; passable; not bad
#103
4 课
[n.] A prescribed task or official duty, especially in scholarly or administrative work; A class, lesson, course, or school subject
#104
#105 3 口
[n., m.] The facial cavity used for eating, speaking, and breathing; Any opening or entrance (doorway, cave mouth)
4 块
[m.] A clod of earth or a lump of soil; Measure word for chunks and pieces
#106 2 来
[v.] To come closer from another place; to arrive at the speaker's position
#107 3 老
1 师
[n.] teacher; instructor
#108 5 了
[part.] To finish or bring something to an end; Marks completed actions, state changes, or a playful exclamation (了/啦)
#109 3 冷
[adj.] Icy and freezing to the touch; low temperature
#110 3 里
[n.] The inner part or lining of a garment or object; Inside, in, within
#111 3 两
[num.] Two units counted together as an inseparable pair; Two, both, a couple, a few
#112
2 零
[num.] The absence of quantity in counting; a placeholder for nothing
#113
4 六
[num.] A simple roofed hut or ridgepole dwelling, later borrowed as a phonetic loan for the number six; The numeral six
#114
#115 1 妈
5 妈
[n.] mother; mom
5 吗
[part.] A grammatical word placed at the end of a statement to turn it into a simple yes/no question; Also marks rhetorical questions, softens a suggestion, or gently seeks confirmation in casual speech
#116 3 买
[v.] To exchange money or goods for something in return; To buy, purchase, or obtain anything
#117
#118 4 卖
[v.] To exchange goods or services for money; To sell out (betray), show off, or put in effort (卖力)
2 忙
[adj., v.] Busy, hurried, with no leisure time; To be occupied with
#119
1 猫
[n.] A small domesticated feline animal kept for companionship and catching mice; A cat
#120
2 没
1 关
5 系
it doesn't matter; that's all right; never mind
#121
2 没
4 事
[v.] to be free; to have nothing to do; to be fine
#122
2 没
3 有
[v., adv.] to not have; there is not; not (negation for past actions)
#123
#124 4 妹
5 妹
[n.] younger sister
5 们
[suff.] A crowd of people gathered at a gate or doorway; Suffix marking plural for persons and pronouns (我们, 他们, 你们)
#125
3 米
4 饭
[n.] cooked rice
#126
4 面
1 包
[n.] bread
#127
4 面
2 条
5 儿
[n.] noodles
#128
2 明
2 年
[n.] next year
#129
2 明
1 天
[n.] tomorrow
#130
2 名
5 字
[n.] name
#131
#132 3 哪
[pron.] An interrogative pronoun asking to identify a specific one among options; Used for "which," "where," or "how," often in questions and rhetorical emphasis
3 哪
5 个
[pron.] which; which one
#133 3 哪
3 里
[pron.] where; anywhere
#134 3 哪
5 儿
[pron.] where
#135
#136 3 哪
1 些
[pron.] which ones; who (plural)
4 那
[pron.] A distant city or state's name in ancient China; That one, the far one — a pronoun pointing to something not near
#137
#138 4 那
1 边
[pron.] over there; that side
4 那
5 个
[pron.] that; that one
#139 4 那
3 里
[pron.] there
#140 4 那
5 儿
[pron.] there
#141
4 那
1 些
[pron.] those
#142
2 男
[adj.] Relating to the male sex; masculine in role or natural disposition
#143
#144 2 男
2 朋
5 友
[n.] boyfriend
5 呢
[part.] A murmuring sound (as in 呢喃) repurposed as a sentence-final particle for asking questions; Marks an action in progress, echoes a topic to ask "and
#145
#146 2 能
[v.] To possess the raw strength of a bear, the animal this character originally depicts; To can, be able to, or may — expressing capability, skill, or permission
3 你
[pron.] A second-person pronoun referring to the person being addressed; You (singular, informal)
#147
#148 3 你
3 好
hello; hi
3 你
5 们
[pron.] you (plural)
#149
#150 2 年
[n., m.] A ripe grain harvest carried in from the fields; A year
2 您
[pron.] A respectful form of address formed by combining 你 (you) with 心 (heart); The standard polite/formal "you" in modern Mandarin, used for elders, superiors, and formal occasions
#151
2 牛
3 奶
[n.] milk; cow's milk
#152
3 女
[adj.] Designating the female gender; a pictograph of a woman kneeling with hands folded
#153
2 女
5 儿
[n.] daughter
#154
3 女
2 朋
5 友
[n.] girlfriend
#155
#156 3 女
4 士
[n.] lady; madam; Ms.
2 朋
5 友
[n.] friend
#157
2 便
5 宜
[adj.] cheap; inexpensive
#158
#159 4 漂
5 亮
[adj.] beautiful; pretty; handsome
2 苹
3 果
[n.] apple
#160
#161 1 七
[num.] The numeral seven, originally a crossed or cut line recording this count; Seventh
3 起
2 床
[v.] to get out of bed; to get up
#162
#163 1 千
[num.] A numeral representing ten hundreds — the number 1,000; Signifies "numerous" or "a great many"
2 前
[n.] The forward-facing area or the space located ahead of something; Time before the present (ago), the past, or an earlier position in order
#164 2 钱
[n.] A spade-like metal farming tool used in ancient times; Money, cash, coins, or wealth in general
#165
3 请
[v.] To request politely to meet or speak with someone; To invite or treat someone
#166
#167 3 请
4 问
[v.] to ask (polite form); excuse me; may I ask
4 去
[v.] To leave a place, departing from one's current location; To go to a destination
#168
#169 4 去
2 年
[n.] last year
4 热
[adj.] High temperature and scorching warmth from fire; Feverish, enthusiastic, popular, or trendy
#170 2 人
[n.] A side-view pictograph of a human figure standing with two legs; A person, people, the human race, or the general public
#171
4 认
5 识
[v.] to know; to recognize; to meet (someone) for the first time
#172
#173 4 日
[m.] A single full cycle of the sun across the sky, marking one complete day; A counting unit for days
1 三
[num.] The cardinal number 3, represented by three stacked horizontal strokes; Three
#174 1 商
4 店
[n.] shop; store
#175
#176 4 上
[n., v.] The upper side; to move upward from below
4 上
1 班
[v.] to go to work; to be at work
#177
#178 4 上
4 课
[v.] to attend class; to give a lesson
4 上
3 午
[n.] morning (before noon)
#179
4 上
2 学
[v.] to go to school; to attend school
#180
3 少
[adj., v.] Small in number or quantity; a tiny amount
#181
2 谁
[pron.] A question word asking about a person's identity; Also used to mean anyone, someone, or whoever in general statements
#182
2 什
5 么
[pron.] what
#183
1 生
4 病
[v.] to get sick; to fall ill
#184
2 十
[num.] The number ten; a complete decimal count of single digits
#185
#186 2 时
5 候
[n.] time; moment; period
2 时
1 间
[n.] time; duration
#187
#188 4 事
[n.] Official duty, service, or occupation that one is appointed to perform; Any matter, affair, thing, event, or business to handle or deal with
4 是
[v.] To affirm or correct as right and true; To be
#189
3 手
1 机
[n.] mobile phone; cell phone
#190
1 书
[n.] Written records, documents, or texts inscribed on bamboo or silk; A book, letter, script, or volume
#191
1 书
4 店
[n.] bookstore; bookshop
#192
#193 3 水
[n.] Clear liquid that flows from springs and falls as rain; Any juice, broth, river, water area, or (slang) cheap/fake goods
3 水
3 果
[n.] fruit
#194
#195 4 睡
[v.] To close the eyes and settle into rest; To sleep, go to bed, or pass the night
4 睡
4 觉
[v.] to sleep
#196 1 说
[v.] To utter words with the mouth to convey meaning; To speak, say, tell, explain, chat, or scold
#197
#198 1 说
4 话
[v.] to speak; to talk
4 四
[num.] Four—the number between three and five; Also "fourth," "all four directions," or "everywhere" in compounds like 四处
#199
#200 4 岁
[m.] The astronomical cycle measuring a year by Jupiter's movement across the sky; A measure word for a person's age in years
1 他
[pron.] Another person, someone other than the speaker or listener; He, him—the standard masculine third-person pronoun for any male
#201
1 它
[pron.] An ancient pictograph of a snake, a coiled venomous creature once feared as a pest; A neutral modern pronoun for animals, objects, and concepts: "it
#202
#203 1 她
[pron.] The written third-person feminine pronoun "she/her," distinct from male 他; The everyday pronoun for any female person, plus a poetic "she" for ships, nations, or nature
1 他
5 们
[pron.] they; them (masculine or mixed gender)
#204
1 它
5 们
[pron.] they; them (for things and animals)
#205
#206 1 她
5 们
[pron.] they; them (referring to females)
4 太
[adv.] The absolute pinnacle or utmost degree; greatness beyond "big" (大)
#207
#208 1 天
[n., m.] The vast space overhead; the sky and heavens above
1 天
4 气
[n.] weather
#209 1 听
[v.] To receive sound through the ear and perceive it; To listen, attend, obey, heed, or hear about something
#210
1 听
4 见
[v.] to hear
#211
2 同
2 学
[n.] classmate; fellow student
#212
#213 4 外
[n.] The area beyond an enclosure or boundary; Outer side
4 外
5 边
[n.] outside; outdoors
#214
#215 2 玩
[v.] To amuse oneself by fondling a piece of jade (玉, written 王); To play games, have fun, relax, or lightly toy with something
3 晚
[adj.] Late in the day, after the sun has moved past its peak; Late, delayed, or of the evening
#216 3 晚
4 饭
[n.] dinner; supper
#217 3 晚
5 上
[n.] evening; night
#218
#219 4 喂
[interj.] A shouted call used to summon or catch someone's attention; The universal phone greeting "hello!" and the casual "hey!" to get someone's notice
4 问
[v.] To ask a question by calling out from the mouth at the gate; To inquire, question, or interrogate
#220
#221 4 问
2 题
[n.] question; problem; issue
3 我
[pron.] A single self-referencing pronoun for the speaker; Used as "I/me" in all modern contexts
#222
#223 3 我
5 们
[pron.] we; us
3 五
[num.] A counting symbol for the number five, drawn as a cross between two tally bars; The fifth
#224
#225 3 午
4 饭
[n.] lunch; midday meal
3 喜
5 欢
[v.] to like; to be fond of
#226 4 下
[n., v., m.] The lower position; to descend from a higher point
#227
#228 4 下
3 雨
to rain
4 下
1 班
[v.] to get off work; to leave work
#229
#230 4 下
4 课
[v.] to finish class; class is over
4 下
3 午
[n.] afternoon; p.m.
#231
#232 1 先
5 生
[n.] Mr.; husband; gentleman
4 现
4 在
[n.] now; at present; currently
#233 3 想
[v.] To ponder deeply or reflect with the heart-mind; To think, intend, want, or miss someone dearly
#234 3 小
[adj., pref.] Tiny grains of sand or minute specks — the smallest scale of physical matter; Small in size, degree, or age
#235
#236 3 小
2 朋
3 友
[n.] child; kid
3 小
2 时
[n.] hour
#237
3 小
2 学
[n.] elementary school; primary school
#238
3 小
2 学
1 生
[n.] elementary school student; primary school student
#239
1 些
[m.] A small, indefinite amount or portion; Some, a few, a little
#240
#241 3 写
[v.] To transfer or move something from one place to another; To write, compose, describe, or draw
4 谢
5 谢
[v.] to thank; thanks
#242
1 新
[adj.] Freshly cut timber split apart by an axe (斤); New, fresh, modern, recent
#243
1 星
1 期
[n.] week
#244
1 星
1 期
4 日
[n.] Sunday
#245
1 星
1 期
1 天
[n.] Sunday
#246
#247 1 休
5 息
[v.] to rest; to take a break
2 学
[v.] To gain knowledge or skills by being taught and then practicing; To study, learn, imitate, or master something new
#248
#249 2 学
1 生
[n.] student; pupil
2 学
2 习
[v.] to study; to learn
#250
2 学
4 校
[n.] school
#251
#252 3 雪
[n.] Snow frozen into white crystalline flakes falling from clouds; Anything snow-white
4 要
[v.] To demand or claim something firmly, originally by grasping a person's waist (the later 腰); To want, ask for, or need
#253 3 也
[adv.] Also; too — the core adverb for adding one thing to another equally
#254 1 一
[num.] The number one, the smallest whole unit of counting; One, single, whole, first, each, or a brief instant
#255
1 衣
5 服
[n.] clothes; clothing
#256
1 医
1 生
[n.] doctor; physician
#257
1 医
4 院
[n.] hospital
#258
2 一
4 半
[num.] half
#259
2 一
4 下
[数量] a bit; briefly; once
#260
#261 3 椅
5 子
[n.] chair
4 一
3 点
5 儿
[数量] a little; a bit
#262
#263 4 一
1 些
[数量] some; a few
3 有
[v.] To hold something in the hand—originally a piece of meat (肉) showing possession; To have, own, or exist
#264
3 有
5 的
[pron.] some; certain ones
#265
3 有
3 点
5 儿
[adv.] a bit; somewhat; slightly
#266
#267 3 有
1 些
[pron.] some; certain
3 雨
[n.] Water descending in drops from storm clouds; Rain, shower, rainfall
#268
2 元
[m.] The head, the topmost part of a human body; A monetary unit (yuan)
#269
4 月
[n.] The natural satellite of Earth visible in the night sky; A month or lunar calendar unit
#270
#271 4 再
[adv.] Doing something for a second time; a repeated action or occurrence
4 在
[v., prep., adv.] To exist or be located at a specific place; To be at/in/on (position)
#272
4 再
4 见
[v.] to say goodbye; to see again
#273
#274 3 早
[adj.] The sun just emerging over the horizon at daybreak; Being early, ahead of time
3 早
4 饭
[n.] breakfast
#275 3 早
5 上
[n.] morning; early morning
#276 3 怎
5 么
[pron.] how; why
#277
3 怎
5 么
4 样
[pron.] how; how about; what about
#278
#279 3 找
[v.] To search for something by holding a spear and sweeping an area; To look for, seek, or hunt for anything
4 这
[pron.] A proximal demonstrative pronoun pointing to the nearest person, object, or matter at hand; This, these, here, this one — the everyday pointer for anything current, nearby, or just mentioned
#280
#281 4 这
1 边
[pron.] this side; here; over here
4 这
5 个
[pron.] this one; this
#282 4 这
3 里
[pron.] here
#283 4 这
5 儿
[pron.] here
#284
4 这
1 些
[pron.] these
#285
1 真
[adv.] The original glyph depicts an immortal ascending to heaven, untouched by falsehood; Really, truly, indeed—emphasizing that something is exactly as stated
#286
4 正
4 在
[adv.] in the process of; currently doing
#287
#288 1 只
[m.] Measure word for a single bird or one of a pair; Counts animals, birds, and one of paired items like shoes or hands
1 知
4 道
[v.] to know; to be aware of; to realize
#289 1 中
2 国
[n.] China
#290
#291 1 中
2 文
[n.] Chinese language; Chinese (language)
1 中
3 午
[n.] noon; midday
#292
1 中
2 学
[n.] middle school; high school
#293
1 中
2 学
1 生
[n.] middle school student; secondary school student
#294
#295 4 住
[v.] To halt movement and remain in a place; To live, stay, or reside
1 桌
5 子
[n.] table; desk
#296
4 字
[n.] A written symbol that comes into being, like a child (子) raised beneath a roof (宀); A character, word, or letter
#297
2 昨
1 天
[n.] yesterday
#298
#299 4 坐
[v.] To rest one's weight on the ground, depicted by two people kneeling on the earth; To sit
4 做
[v.] To perform concrete manual labor or craft — shaping raw materials into objects; To do, make, produce, cook, work as, or simply act: the all-purpose verb for human activity
#300
4 做
4 饭
to cook; to prepare a meal
Character Recognition & Handwriting
Part 1: Recognition cards for reading literacy. Part 2: Official handwriting syllabus characters.
📖 Part 1: Recognition Cards (246 Characters)
1 爱 2 八
3 爸
4 吧
5 白
6 百
7 班 8 半 9 包 10 杯
11 本
12 边 13 便
14 病
15 不 16 菜
17 茶 18 常 19 唱 20 超
21 车
22 吃 23 出
24 穿
25 床 26 打
27 大 28 蛋 29 到 30 道 31 得 32 的 33 弟
34 第
35 点 36 电 37 东 38 都 39 读
40 对 41 多 42 儿 43 二 44 饭 45 房
46 飞
47 非 48 分
49 服 50 高 51 哥
52 歌 53 个 54 给 55 工 56 公 57 狗
58 关
59 贵
60 国 61 果 62 还 63 孩
64 汉 65 好 66 号 67 喝 68 和 69 很 70 后
71 候
72 话 73 欢 74 回 75 会
76 火
77 机
78 鸡 79 几
80 家 81 间 82 见 83 件
84 叫 85 姐
86 今 87 九 88 觉 89 开 90 看 91 可 92 客 93 课
94 口
95 块 96 来 97 老 98 了 99 冷 100 里 101 两 102 亮
103 零 104 六 105 妈
106 吗 107 买 108 卖
109 忙 110 猫
111 么 112 没 113 妹
114 们 115 米 116 面 117 名 118 明
119 哪 120 那 121 奶
122 男
123 脑
124 呢 125 能
126 你 127 年 128 您 129 牛
130 女
131 朋 132 漂
133 苹 134 七
135 期
136 起 137 气 138 千
139 前 140 钱 141 请
142 去 143 热 144 人 145 认
146 日
147 三 148 商 149 上 150 少 151 谁
152 什 153 生 154 师 155 十 156 时 157 识
158 士
159 市
160 事
161 视
162 是 163 手
164 书
165 水 166 睡 167 说 168 司 169 四 170 岁
171 他 172 它
173 她
174 太 175 题
176 天 177 条 178 听 179 同
180 外 181 玩 182 晚 183 喂
184 文 185 问 186 我 187 五 188 午 189 西 190 息
191 习 192 喜 193 系
194 下 195 先 196 现 197 想 198 小 199 校
200 些
201 写
202 谢 203 新 204 星
205 兴 206 休
207 学 208 雪
209 样
210 要 211 也 212 一 213 衣
214 医
215 宜
216 以 217 椅
218 影 219 友 220 有 221 雨 222 语 223 元
224 院 225 月 226 再
227 在 228 早 229 怎 230 找
231 这 232 真 233 正
234 知 235 只
236 中 237 钟
238 住
239 桌 240 子 241 字
242 租
243 昨
244 作 245 坐 246 做
✍️ Part 2: Handwriting Practice (0 Official Writing Characters)
✍️ Official HSK 3.0 Handwriting Standard:
Under the official HSK 3.0 curriculum standard, HSK 1 focuses 100% on character recognition (246 characters) with zero handwriting requirements from memory. Active stroke handwriting is officially introduced starting in HSK 2 (100 writing characters) and HSK 3 (150 writing characters).
Essential Grammar Structures
Key grammatical formulas with paired bilingual example sentences.
Morphemes · Prefixes
1. 小—、第—
Prefixes: '小-' (small/little) and '第-' (ordinal number prefix). '小' is used as a prefix to names or nouns to indicate familiarity or smallness. '第' is used before numbers to form ordinal numbers (e.g., first, second).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 小高去哪儿了？
Where did Xiao Gao go?
2. 今天我们学习第一课。
Today we study Lesson One.
Morphemes · Suffixes
2. —们、—边
Suffixes: '-们' (plural marker for pronouns and nouns referring to people) and '-边' (suffix indicating location or direction, similar to '-side' or '-ward').
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 同学们，你们好！
Hello, classmates!
2. 学校里边有超市。
There is a supermarket inside the school.
3. 外边正在下雨呢。
It's raining outside.
4. 电影院在医院的后边。
The cinema is behind the hospital.
Parts of Speech · Nouns · Location & Direction Nouns
3. 上、下、里、外、前、后
Location nouns: 上 (on/above), 下 (under/below), 里 (inside), 外 (outside), 前 (in front), 后 (behind). These are used to indicate spatial relationships.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 桌子上有几本书？
How many books are on the table?
2. 书店里的人很多。
There are many people in the bookstore.
3. 他们都在国外。
They are all abroad.
Parts of Speech · Verbs · Modal Verbs
4. 会、能
Modal verbs: 会 (can, know how to) and 能 (can, be able to). 会 expresses learned ability or future possibility, while 能 expresses capability or permission.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我会说中文。
I can speak Chinese.
2. 他不会开车。
He can't drive.
3. 你明天能不能去？
Can you go tomorrow?
4. 她生病了，不能来上课。
She is sick and can't come to class.
Parts of Speech · Verbs · Modal Verbs
5. 想、要
Modal verbs: 想 (want to, would like to) and 要 (want to, need to). 想 expresses a desire or intention, while 要 expresses a stronger intention or necessity.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我想买一些水果。
I want to buy some fruit.
2. 你想喝茶吗？
Would you like some tea?
3. 他们要去书店。
They are going to the bookstore.
4. 我要学习汉语。
I need to study Chinese.
Parts of Speech · Verbs · Modal Verbs
6. 可以
Modal verb indicating permission or possibility: 'can', 'may', 'be able to'.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 这儿不可以吃东西。
You can't eat here.
2. 我可以问一个问题吗？
May I ask a question?
Parts of Speech · Verbs · Separable Verbs
7. 看病、睡觉、说话、上课、下课、上班、下班、生病
Separable verbs: verb-object compounds that can be split, with the object placed between the verb and the noun or after the verb.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 他去医院看病了。
He went to the hospital to see a doctor.
2. 我想睡一觉，休息一下（儿）。
I want to take a nap and rest a bit.
3. 上课不要说话。
Don't talk in class.
4. 今天我上中文课。
Today I have Chinese class.
5. 我下了课要去食堂。
After class, I'm going to the cafeteria.
6. 下了班你做什么？
What do you do after work?
7. 她昨天生病了。
She got sick yesterday.
Parts of Speech · Pronouns · Interrogative Pronouns
8. 多、多少、几、哪、哪儿、哪里、哪些、什么、谁、怎么、怎么样
Interrogative pronouns used to ask questions about quantity, identity, location, manner, etc.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 你弟弟多大？
How old is your younger brother?
2. 这件衣服多少钱？
How much is this piece of clothing?
3. 现在几点？
What time is it now?
4. 她是哪国人？
What nationality is she?
5. 你去哪儿？
Where are you going?
6. 你住在哪里？
Where do you live?
7. 哪些是汉语书？
Which ones are Chinese books?
8. 那是什么？
What is that?
9. 那个人是谁？
Who is that person?
10. 你怎么去学校？
How do you go to school?
11. 明天天气怎么样？
How will the weather be tomorrow?
Parts of Speech · Pronouns · Personal Pronouns
9. 我、你、您、他、她、我们、你们、他们、她们、它、它们、大家
Personal pronouns: used to refer to people or things, including first, second, and third person, singular and plural.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我是学生。
I am a student.
2. 你是哪国人？
What nationality are you?
3. 老师，您好！
Hello, teacher!
4. 他会开车吗？
Can he drive?
5. 她是不是老师？
Is she a teacher?
6. 我们都是大学生。
We are all college students.
7. 你们是学生吗？
Are you students?
8. 他们去哪儿了？
Where did they go?
9. 她们都是我的朋友。
They are all my friends.
10. 你看，它正在吃饭呢。
Look, it is eating right now.
11. 这些小狗真漂亮，它们叫什么名字？
These puppies are really cute; what are their names?
12. 大家都喜欢学习汉语。
Everyone likes learning Chinese.
Parts of Speech · Pronouns · Demonstrative Pronouns
10. 这、那、这儿、那儿、这里、那里、这些、那些、有的、这个、那个、有些
Demonstrative pronouns: used to point out specific people or things, indicating proximity or distance, singular or plural.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 这是谁的书？
Whose book is this?
2. 那个手机多少钱？
How much is that phone?
3. 我在这儿学习中文。
I study Chinese here.
4. 那儿有一家书店。
There is a bookstore over there.
5. 这里是我的家。
This is my home.
6. 那里有一家饭店。
There is a restaurant over there.
7. 这些是老师的书。
These are the teacher's books.
8. 我不认识那些人。
I don't know those people.
9. 到了饭店，大家有的想吃米饭，有的想吃面条。
At the restaurant, some people want to eat rice, and some want noodles.
10. 这个杯子多少钱？
How much is this cup?
11. 她在那个房间。
She is in that room.
12. 有些学生不在学校住。
Some students don't live at school.
Parts of Speech · Numerals
11. 一、二/两、三、四、五、六、七、八、九、零、十、百、半、千
Numbers and measure words: cardinal numbers (一, 二, 三...), special forms (两 for 'two' before measure words), and fractions (半). Also includes time expressions (点, 半) and approximate quantities.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 一个、两百、五十八、一百零六、两千三百五十、九点半、半个小时
one, two hundred, fifty-eight, one hundred and six, two thousand three hundred and fifty, half past nine, half an hour
Parts of Speech · Measure Words · Nominal Measure Words
12. 专用名量词：本、个、家、口、块、件、只、元
Dedicated nominal measure words: used to count specific nouns (e.g., 本 for books, 个 for general items, 家 for shops/families, 口 for family members, 块 for yuan, 件 for clothes, 只 for animals, 元 for money).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 这本书是中文书。
This book is a Chinese book.
2. 我吃了两个包子。
I ate two baozi.
3. 前边有一家书店。
There is a bookstore ahead.
4. 你家有几口人？
How many people are in your family?
5. 我有十块钱。
I have ten yuan.
6. 这只小猫真漂亮。
This kitten is really pretty.
7. 这件衣服三百元。
This piece of clothing costs 300 yuan.
Parts of Speech · Measure Words · Nominal Measure Words
13. 借用名量词：杯
Borrowed nominal measure words: nouns used as measure words (e.g., 杯 for cup).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 喝杯茶吧。
Have a cup of tea.
Parts of Speech · Measure Words · Time Measure Words
14. 日、号、岁、点、分、年、天
Time measure words: used for dates (日/号), age (岁), time (点/分), years (年), and days (天).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 今天几月几日（号）？
What's the date today?
2. 她今年几岁？
How old is she this year?
3. 现在八点二十分。
It's 8:20 now.
4. 一年有十二个月。
A year has twelve months.
5. 你一天学习几个汉字？
How many Chinese characters do you study a day?
Parts of Speech · Adverbs · Degree Adverbs
15. 非常、很、太、真、有（一）点儿
Degree adverbs: express intensity (非常 very, 很 very, 太 too, 真 really, 有点儿 a bit).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我非常喜欢学中文。
I really like studying Chinese.
2. 这里的水果很便宜。
The fruit here is very cheap.
3. 房间里太热了。
It's too hot in the room.
4. 这儿的菜真好吃。
The food here is really delicious.
5. 今天天气有点儿冷。
It's a bit cold today.
Parts of Speech · Adverbs · Scope Adverbs
16. 都1
都 (dōu) is an adverb of scope meaning 'all' or 'both'. It is used to emphasize that the action or state applies to every member of a group. Formula: Subject (plural) + 都 + Verb/Adjective.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我们都学习汉语。
We all study Chinese.
2. 他们都是中国学生。
They are all Chinese students.
Parts of Speech · Adverbs · Time Adverbs
17. 在、正在
在 (zài) and 正在 (zhèngzài) are time adverbs indicating an action in progress. They are used before the verb to express 'be doing' (present continuous). Formula: Subject + 在/正在 + Verb.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 他们在做什么？
What are they doing?
2. 学生们正在上课。
The students are having class.
Parts of Speech · Adverbs · Frequency Adverbs
18. 再1
再 (zài) is an adverb of frequency meaning 'again' or 'more'. It indicates that an action is repeated or done additionally. Formula: Subject + 再 + Verb.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我想再买一本。
I want to buy one more.
2. 我再问一个问题，可以吗？
Can I ask another question?
Parts of Speech · Adverbs · Correlative Adverbs
19. 还1、也
还 (hái) and 也 (yě) are correlative adverbs. 还 means 'also' or 'in addition', while 也 means 'also' or 'too'. They are used to connect related actions or states. Formula: Subject + 还/也 + Verb.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我想吃面条儿，还想吃包子。
I want to eat noodles, and I also want to eat baozi.
2. 我有两个姐姐，还有一个哥哥。
I have two older sisters, and I also have an older brother.
3. 他是学生，我也是学生。
He is a student, and I am a student too.
4. 我学习汉语，我弟弟也学习汉语。
I study Chinese, and my younger brother also studies Chinese.
Parts of Speech · Adverbs · Negative Adverbs
20. 不、没（有）、不要
不 (bù), 没 (méi) / 没有 (méiyǒu), and 不要 (búyào) are negative adverbs. 不 negates actions or states in the present/future, 没/没有 negates past actions or possession, and 不要 means 'don't' (prohibition). Formula: Subject + 不/没/不要 + Verb.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 她不是老师。
She is not a teacher.
2. 我没看电视。
I didn't watch TV.
3. 她去超市了，我没有去。
She went to the supermarket, but I didn't go.
4. 请大家不要说话。
Please don't talk.
Parts of Speech · Prepositions · Introducing Time & Place
21. 在
The preposition '在' (zài) is used to introduce the location or time of an action, equivalent to 'at', 'in', or 'on' in English. Formula: Subject + 在 + Place/Time + Verb Phrase.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我想在中国工作。
I want to work in China.
2. 你在哪儿学习中文？
Where are you studying Chinese?
Parts of Speech · Prepositions · Introducing Objects
22. 和1、对
The prepositions '和' (hé) and '对' (duì) are used to introduce the object or recipient of an action. '和' means 'with' (accompanying), while '对' means 'to' or 'towards' (directed at someone). Formula: Subject + 和/对 + Object + Verb Phrase.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我没和她一起去超市。
I didn't go to the supermarket with her.
2. 我对老师说“谢谢”。
I said 'thank you' to the teacher.
Parts of Speech · Conjunctions · Connecting Words or Phrases
23. 和2
The conjunction '和' (hé) is used to connect words or phrases, meaning 'and'. It links nouns, pronouns, or noun phrases. Formula: A + 和 + B.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我和姐姐都喜欢唱歌。
My sister and I both like singing.
2. 今天和明天都下雨。
It rains both today and tomorrow.
Parts of Speech · Particles · Structural Particles
24. 的1
The structural particle '的' (de) is used to indicate possession or modification, equivalent to possessive 's or the adjective-noun relationship. Formula: Possessor/Modifier + 的 + Noun.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 这是你的手机吗？
Is this your phone?
2. 她是我的好朋友。
She is my good friend.
Parts of Speech · Particles · Aspect Particles
25. 了1
The aspect particle '了' (le) is used to indicate the completion of an action. It is placed after the verb. Formula: Subject + Verb + 了 + Object.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 今天我们学了十个汉字。
Today we learned ten Chinese characters.
2. 我买了一些苹果。
I bought some apples.
Parts of Speech · Particles · Modal Particles
26. 吧1、了2 、吗、呢1、呢2、呢3
Particles: 吧(1) suggests a proposal or softens a command; 了(2) indicates a change of state or new situation; 吗 forms yes/no questions; 呢(1) indicates an action in progress; 呢(2) forms follow-up questions; 呢(3) asks about location or situation.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我们走吧。
Let's go.
2. 八点了，起床吧。
It's already 8 o'clock, get up.
3. 她病了，在家休息呢。
She is sick and resting at home.
4. 他是中国人吗？
Is he Chinese?
5. 这个电影好看吗？
Is this movie good?
6. 她正在学习呢1。
She is studying.
7. 我是中国人，你呢2？
I'm Chinese. How about you?
8. A：你的手机呢3？
A: Where is your phone?
9. B：我的手机在房间里。
B: My phone is in the room.
Parts of Speech · Interjections
27. 喂
Interjection used to get someone's attention, similar to 'Hey' or 'Hello'.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 喂，请问，李老师在吗？
Hello, excuse me, is Teacher Li there?
2. 喂，你去哪儿？
Hey, where are you going?
Phrases · Structural Types · Basic Structural Types
28. 联合短语
Coordinate phrase: two or more elements of equal grammatical status joined together.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 哥哥姐姐、今天和明天、有没有
older brother and older sister, today and tomorrow, have or not have
Phrases · Structural Types · Basic Structural Types
29. 偏正短语
Endocentric phrase with a modifier-head structure: a modifier precedes the head noun or verb.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 好朋友、我的书包、很喜欢
good friend, my schoolbag, really like
Phrases · Structural Types · Basic Structural Types
30. 动宾短语
Verb-object phrase: a verb followed by its object.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 买东西、回学校、去公司
buy things, return to school, go to the company
Phrases · Structural Types · Basic Structural Types
31. 主谓短语
Subject-predicate phrase: a basic structural type consisting of a subject and a predicate, where the subject is the topic and the predicate comments on it.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我们学习
We study.
2. 孩子高兴
The child is happy.
3. 房间很大
The room is very big.
Phrases · Structural Types · Other Structural Types
32. 数量短语
Numeral-measure phrase: a phrase consisting of a numeral and a measure word, used to indicate quantity.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 一杯
one cup
2. 两个
two
Phrases · Structural Types · Other Structural Types
33. 介宾短语
Prepositional phrase: a phrase formed by a preposition and its object, often indicating location, direction, target, or accompaniment.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 在学校（学习）
study at school
2. 对老师（说）
say to the teacher
3. 和朋友（说汉语）
speak Chinese with friends
Phrases · Structural Types · Other Structural Types
34. 方位短语
Locative phrase: a phrase that indicates location or position, typically formed by a noun plus a locative particle.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 桌子上
on the table
2. 饭店里
in the restaurant
3. 椅子下边
under the chair
Sentence Components · Subject
35. 名词、代词或名词性短语作主语
Nouns, pronouns, or nominal phrases as subjects: the subject of a sentence can be a noun, pronoun, or a phrase that functions as a noun.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 电影很好看。
The movie is very good.
2. 她是老师。
She is a teacher.
3. 这本书多少钱？
How much is this book?
Sentence Components · Predicate
36. 名词、代词、数词或数量短语作谓语
In Chinese, nouns, pronouns, numerals, or numeral-measure phrases can directly serve as the predicate without a copula. This is common for stating age, time, price, or identity.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 明天星期三。
Tomorrow is Wednesday.
2. 那个饭店怎么样？
How is that restaurant?
3. 我今年十二，我哥哥十五。
I'm twelve this year, and my older brother is fifteen.
4. 这本书二十八块。
This book is twenty-eight yuan.
Sentence Components · Predicate
37. 动词或动词性短语、形容词或形容词性短语作谓语
Verbs, verb phrases, adjectives, or adjective phrases can serve as the predicate. This is the standard sentence structure in Chinese.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 老师来了。
The teacher has come.
2. 哥哥去学校了。
My older brother has gone to school.
3. 我的房间不大。
My room is not big.
4. 这个菜很好吃。
This dish is very tasty.
Sentence Components · Object
38. 名词、代词或名词性短语作宾语
Nouns, pronouns, or noun phrases can serve as the object of a verb.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我喝茶。
I drink tea.
2. 明天我去找你。
Tomorrow I will go find you.
3. 我吃了二十个饺子。
I ate twenty dumplings.
Sentence Components · Attributive
39. 名词性词语、形容词性短语、数量短语作定语
Nouns, noun phrases, adjective phrases, or numeral-measure phrases can serve as attributives (modifiers) before nouns.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 她不会唱中文歌。
She can't sing Chinese songs.
2. 我的中文老师是中国人。
My Chinese teacher is Chinese.
3. 我想买便宜的手机。
I want to buy a cheap phone.
4. 桌子下边有一只小狗。
There is a small dog under the table.
Sentence Components · Adverbial
40. 副词、形容词作状语 表示时间、处所的词语作状语
Adverbs and adjectives can serve as adverbials (modifiers of verbs or adjectives). Words indicating time or place can also serve as adverbials.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 他们都是中国学生。
They are all Chinese students.
2. 你多吃一点儿。
Eat a bit more.
3. 我们十二点下课。
We finish class at twelve.
4. 我妈妈在医院工作。
My mother works at the hospital.
Sentence Components · Complement · Quantity Complement 1
41. 动词+动量补语
Verb + verbal measure word (e.g., 一下) indicates a brief, casual action. Formula: Subject + Verb + 一下 + (Object).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 休息一下吧。
Take a break.
2. 请问一下，医院在哪儿？
Excuse me, where is the hospital?
3. 我想看一下那件衣服。
I'd like to take a look at that dress.
4. 请写一下你的名字。
Please write your name.
Sentence Types · Sentence Patterns · Simple Sentences
42. 主谓句1：动词谓语句
Subject-predicate sentence with a verb as predicate. Formula: Subject + Verb + (Object).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我买了一个面包。
I bought a bread.
2. 他今天不休息。
He is not resting today.
Sentence Types · Sentence Patterns · Simple Sentences
43. 主谓句2：形容词谓语句
Subject-predicate sentence with an adjective as predicate. Formula: Subject + Adverb (e.g., 很) + Adjective.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 今天天气很热。
It's very hot today.
2. 你女儿真漂亮！
Your daughter is really pretty!
Sentence Types · Sentence Patterns · Simple Sentences
44. 主谓句3：名词谓语句
Subject-predicate sentence with a noun or noun phrase as predicate, often indicating time, date, age, etc. Formula: Subject + Noun Phrase.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 今天星期一。
Today is Monday.
2. 现在十二点半。
It's twelve thirty now.
Sentence Types · Sentence Patterns · Simple Sentences
45. 非主谓句
Non-subject-predicate sentence: a sentence without a subject-predicate structure, often a fixed expression or describing a situation.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 对不起！
Sorry!
2. 下雨了。
It's raining.
Sentence Types · Sentence Categories · Declarative Sentences
46.
Declarative sentences: statements that assert facts or opinions.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 她是我的朋友。
She is my friend.
2. 我不想吃面条儿。
I don't want to eat noodles.
Sentence Types · Sentence Categories · Interrogative Sentences
47. 是非问句
Yes-no question: formed by adding the particle 吗 at the end of a declarative sentence.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 他是中国人吗？
Is he Chinese?
Sentence Types · Sentence Categories · Interrogative Sentences
48. 特指问句
Wh-question: uses question words like 哪 (which) to ask for specific information.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 他是哪国人？
What nationality is he?
Sentence Types · Sentence Categories · Interrogative Sentences
49. 正反问句
Affirmative-negative question: formed by stating a verb or adjective in both its affirmative and negative forms (e.g., 想不想, 吃没吃) or using 没有 at the end.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 你想不想学中文？
Do you want to study Chinese or not?
2. 你吃没吃晚饭？
Have you eaten dinner or not?
3. 同学们都来了没有？
Have all the classmates come or not?
4. 今天冷不冷？
Is it cold today or not?
Sentence Types · Sentence Categories · Imperative Sentences
50.
Imperative sentence: used to give commands, requests, or suggestions.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 您请坐。
Please have a seat.
2. 走吧！
Let's go!
3. 请大家不要说话！
Everyone, please don't talk!
Sentence Types · Sentence Categories · Exclamatory Sentences
51.
Exclamatory sentences express strong emotion (surprise, admiration, etc.) using particles like 啊 or adverbs like 太...了.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 今天真冷啊！
It's really cold today!
2. 太贵了！
That's too expensive!
Sentence Types · Special Sentence Patterns · 是-Sentence 1
52. 表示等同或类属
The 是 sentence equates or classifies: A is B (A = B).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我哥哥是大学生。
My older brother is a college student.
Sentence Types · Special Sentence Patterns · 有-Sentence 1
53. 表示领有
The 有 sentence indicates possession: A has B.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我有哥哥，没有姐姐。
I have an older brother, but I don't have an older sister.
Sentence Types · Special Sentence Patterns · Existential Sentence 1
54. 所处+是+名词
Existential sentence with 是: a place is followed by 是 and a noun, indicating that something is located there.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 前边是不是电影院？
Is the cinema ahead?
2. 超市后边是一家饭店。
Behind the supermarket is a restaurant.
Sentence Types · Special Sentence Patterns · Existential Sentence 1
55. 处所+有+数量短语+名词
Existential sentence with 有: a place is followed by 有, a measure word phrase, and a noun, indicating that something exists there.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 学校外边有一家书店。
There is a bookstore outside the school.
2. 桌子上有一本中文书。
There is a Chinese book on the table.
Sentence Types · Special Sentence Patterns · Serial Verb Sentence 1
56. 前后动作先后发生，后一动作是前一动作的目的
Serial verb construction (purpose): Two verbs occur in sequence, with the second verb expressing the purpose of the first action. Formula: Subject + Verb1 (action) + Object1 + Verb2 (purpose) + Object2.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我来中国学汉语。
I came to China to study Chinese.
2. 晚上我们去电影院看电影。
In the evening, we're going to the cinema to watch a movie.
Sentence Types · Special Sentence Patterns · Serial Verb Sentence 1
57. 前一动作是后一动作的方式
Serial verb construction (manner): The first verb describes the manner or means by which the second action is performed. Formula: Subject + Verb1 (manner) + Object1 + Verb2 (main action) + Object2.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我坐飞机去上海。
I'm flying to Shanghai.
2. 爸爸每天开车上班。
My dad drives to work every day.
Sentence Types · Special Sentence Patterns · Double Object Sentence 1
58. 主语+动词+宾语1+宾语2
Double-object construction: The verb takes two objects, typically an indirect object (recipient) and a direct object (thing given or told). Formula: Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 老师给我一本书。
The teacher gave me a book.
2. 我问你一个问题。
I'll ask you a question.
Sentence Types · Compound Sentences · Compound Sentences Without Conjunctions
59.
Compound sentences without conjunctions: Two or more clauses are joined without any linking words, relying on context and punctuation to show the relationship (e.g., explanation, contrast, cause-effect, or alternative).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 这是我哥哥，他学习中文。
This is my older brother; he studies Chinese.
2. 我有一个姐姐，没有妹妹。
I have an older sister, but no younger sister.
3. 她今天生病了，不能上课。
She's sick today, so she can't attend class.
4. 上午去，下午去？你说。
Should we go in the morning or in the afternoon? You decide.
Sentence Types · Compound Sentences · Coordinate Compound Sentences
60. ……，也……
Coordinating compound sentence with '也' (also): The second clause adds a similar or additional fact, often with the same subject or a parallel structure. Formula: Clause 1, 也 + Clause 2.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我喜欢唱歌，我弟弟也喜欢唱歌。
I like singing, and my younger brother also likes singing.
2. 这家饭店的饺子很好吃，也很便宜。
The dumplings at this restaurant are delicious and also very cheap.
Sentence Types · Compound Sentences · Coordinate Compound Sentences
61. ……，还……
Coordinating compound sentence: '...，还...' (not only..., but also...) to add another related point.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 这个房间很大，还很漂亮。
This room is big, and it's also beautiful.
2. 我会说英语，还会说汉语。
I can speak English, and I can also speak Chinese.
Aspect Markers · Perfective Aspect
62. 用动态助词“了1”表示
Aspect particle 'le1' indicates completion of an action (perfective aspect).
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 你学了多少个汉字？
How many Chinese characters have you learned?
2. 我买了一些苹果。
I bought some apples.
Aspect Markers · Change of State Aspect
63. 用语气助词“了2”表示
Modal particle 'le2' indicates a change of state or a new situation.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 八点了，起床吧。
It's eight o'clock, time to get up.
2. 她病了，在家休息呢。
She is sick and resting at home.
Aspect Markers · Progressive Aspect
64. ……在/正在+动词
Progressive aspect: '...在/正在 + verb' indicates an action in progress.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 同学们在/正在上课。
The students are having class.
Aspect Markers · Progressive Aspect
65. ……在/正在+动词……+呢
Progressive aspect with '呢': '...在/正在 + verb + ... + 呢' emphasizes ongoing action.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 王老师在/正在打电话呢。
Teacher Wang is on the phone.
Aspect Markers · Progressive Aspect
66. ……呢
The particle 呢 (ne) is used to indicate an ongoing action or state, often in response to a question or to provide context. It can be translated as 'in the middle of doing something' or 'right now'.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 我没看电视，学习呢。
I'm not watching TV; I'm studying.
Special Expressions · Number Expressions
67. 钱数表示法
Money is expressed using the pattern: [number] + 块 (kuài) + (钱). The word 钱 (qián) is often omitted in colloquial speech. For prices per unit, the pattern is [amount] + 块 + [measure word] + [item].
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 这本书二十四块（钱）。
This book is twenty-four yuan.
2. 包子三块（钱）一个。
The buns are three yuan each.
Special Expressions · Number Expressions
68. 序数表达法1：第+数词
Ordinal numbers are formed by adding 第 (dì) before a number, meaning 'the ...th'. For example, 第一 (dì yī) means 'first', 第二 (dì èr) means 'second'.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 今天我们学习第六课。
Today we study Lesson Six.
2. 第一本是我的书，第二本是她的书。
The first book is mine, and the second one is hers.
Special Expressions · Time Expressions
69. 年、月、日、星期表示法
Dates are expressed as: year + 年 (nián) + month + 月 (yuè) + day + 日 (rì) or 号 (hào). Days of the week are formed with 星期 (xīngqī) followed by a number (1-6) or 日/天 for Sunday.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 2022年2月4日
February 4, 2022
2. 九月十五号、五月一日
September 15th, May 1st
3. 星期一、星期二、星期三、星期四、星期五、星期六、星期日/星期天
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday
Special Expressions · Time Expressions
70. 钟点表示法
Time is expressed as: hour + 点 (diǎn) + minutes + 分 (fēn). For half past, use 半 (bàn) after the hour. Minutes can be omitted if zero.
Paired Example Sentences:
1. 两点、七点零五、九点二十（分）、十点半
Two o'clock, seven oh five, nine twenty, ten thirty
About HSK 1 & Core Milestones
HSK 1 marks your entry point into the new HSK 3.0 framework. For English speakers, written Chinese often feels intimidating because characters (汉字) carry no direct phonetic alphabet clues. Beginners frequently fall into the "pinyin trap"—relying solely on Romanized spelling and finding themselves illiterate when facing real Chinese menus, signs, or chat messages.
The official HSK 1 syllabus bridges this gap with a highly pragmatic toolkit: 300 core characters, 500 essential words, 48 foundational grammar points, and 67 real-life Can-Do tasks.
At ioChinese, we transform these static lists into living language. Through human-verified graded readings with interactive word segmentation and tone assistance, you will learn to read HSK 1 characters in context, internalize word boundaries naturally, and unlock the ability to comprehend short authentic Chinese texts without fear.
The official HSK 1 syllabus bridges this gap with a highly pragmatic toolkit: 300 core characters, 500 essential words, 48 foundational grammar points, and 67 real-life Can-Do tasks.
At ioChinese, we transform these static lists into living language. Through human-verified graded readings with interactive word segmentation and tone assistance, you will learn to read HSK 1 characters in context, internalize word boundaries naturally, and unlock the ability to comprehend short authentic Chinese texts without fear.
What This Unlocks for You
- Recognize 300 high-frequency foundational characters in continuous reading texts.
- Parse 500 core vocabulary words across daily greetings, numbers, dining, time, and shopping.
- Master 48 fundamental grammar structures, including SVO word order, yes/no questions (吗/呢), and "是/有" sentence patterns.
- Navigate 50 situational topics such as introductions, dining out, asking directions, and daily schedules.
Real-World Literacy
- 📱 Chat & Messages: Understand short everyday WeChat text messages, greetings, and meeting arrangements.
- 🍽️ Signs & Menus: Read common dishes on restaurant menus (e.g. 米饭, 面条, 包子, 水, 茶) and supermarket price tags.
- 🗺️ Public Navigation: Decipher essential subway signs and facility directions (入口, 出口, 洗手间, 刷卡处).
- 📚 Graded Stories: Comfortably read 80–150 character graded short stories with pinyin and segmentation support on ioChinese.
Pro Tips for Native English Speakers
Read in Words, Not Isolated Characters (以词为单位阅读)
English uses spaces between words, while Chinese text has no spaces. Using ioChinese word segmentation highlights trains your visual cognition to parse full words (e.g., [非常] [高兴]) rather than decoding individual syllables.
Internalize the "Subject + Time + Verb + Object" Word Order (掌握时间前置语序)
English places time and location at the end of the sentence ("I eat dinner at 7 PM at home"), whereas Chinese strictly places them before the verb ("我 [晚上七点] [在家里] 吃晚饭"). Lock in this syntax early.
Immerse Immediately with Graded Readers (学完即读，以读促记)
Do not wait until you have memorized all 500 words on flashcards. Start reading short, engaging HSK 1 level stories once you know the first 50 words to reinforce retention through meaningful context.
📚 HSK 1 Graded Readings
Start reading authentic Chinese stories tailored specifically for HSK 1 vocabulary and grammar.
More HSK 1 stories are being crafted
Our editorial team is writing new human-verified graded articles for this level.
Explore other readings →Frequently Asked Questions (HSK 1)
Essential insights for native English learners
How long does it take to prepare for and pass HSK 1?
For native English speakers, mastering HSK 1 typically requires 60 to 80 study hours. If you dedicate 4 to 6 hours per week combining vocabulary review and graded story reading, you can comfortably reach HSK 1 proficiency within 2 to 3 months.
Do I have to learn how to write Chinese characters by hand for HSK 1?
Most modern learners take the computer-based HSK exam (网考), which requires typing pinyin to select characters on a keyboard rather than handwriting strokes from memory. However, the official syllabus outlines 100 basic handwriting characters to help you understand stroke structures.
How is HSK 1 in HSK 3.0 different from the old HSK 1 (2.0)?
Old HSK 1 required only 150 words and 174 characters. The new HSK 3.0 Level 1 syllabus expands to 500 vocabulary words and 300 characters, incorporating realistic conversational tasks and foundational grammar so learners can genuinely communicate from day one.
Can I read real Chinese stories at HSK 1 level?
Yes! On ioChinese, our HSK 1 graded stories are meticulously written using strictly HSK 1 vocabulary and grammar. With clickable audio, word-level segmentation, and tone marks, you can enjoy complete narrative stories without stumbling over unfamiliar vocabulary.
Ready for the Next Level?
Language acquisition is a ladder. Keep your momentum going or cross-reference grammar patterns across levels.