蛋 dàn

An egg containing an embryo inside a protective shell. Egg; something ball-shaped or egg-like; zero score. A creature (虫) tucked under a shell-like cap (疋) forms an egg.

Common Usage & Traps

  • 鸡蛋 (jīdàn) — chicken egg (the default word for a real egg)
  • 一个鸡蛋 (yí gè jīdàn) — one egg
  • 蛋炒饭 (dàn chǎofàn) — egg fried rice
  • 下蛋 (xià dàn) — to lay an egg (what a hen does)
  • 我吃蛋。 我吃鸡蛋。

    Bare 蛋 as the object of eating sounds like you're eating the idea of egg, not food. People say 鸡蛋.

  • 鸡生蛋。 鸡下蛋。

    Eggs are 下 (laid), not 生 (born). 生 makes it sound like the chicken gave birth to a baby.

Can you just say 蛋 for 'egg', or do you always need 鸡蛋?

Bare 蛋 is egg as an idea; the egg you eat is 鸡蛋.

蛋 is the broad word for egg, and it mostly lives inside longer words. That's why 蛋炒饭 is egg fried rice and not 'fried rice with an abstract egg idea'. When you mean a real egg you can buy, crack, or eat, people say 鸡蛋. 我吃蛋 sounds like you're eating the concept of eggness, which is why it lands wrong. The pattern shows up in plain sentences like “面条里有一个鸡蛋。” (There's an egg in the noodles.) ── 《热面条》
ContextNaturalAvoid
A real egg you eat我吃鸡蛋我吃蛋
Buying eggs at the market我买十个鸡蛋我买十个蛋
Inside a food word蛋炒饭鸡炒饭

Do you count eggs with 个 or 只?

个 is the everyday counter for eggs; 只 is for live animals, not breakfast.

个 is the default counter for round solid things, and eggs fit that perfectly. 只 is for animals: 一只鸡, 一只猫, 一只小狗. Saying 一只鸡蛋 makes the egg sound like a tiny pet that might walk off your plate. In writing you'll also meet 一颗鸡蛋 and 一枚鸡蛋, which sound a touch finer or more formal. Chatting with a friend, 一个鸡蛋 is always safe.
CounterFeelUse it for
个neutral, everyday一个鸡蛋, 一个苹果
只one live animal一只鸡, 一只猫
颗 / 枚small and round, slightly finer or formal一颗鸡蛋, 一枚鸡蛋

Why does 蛋 show up in insults like 笨蛋 and 坏蛋?

X + 蛋 is a teasing way to label a person, not a literal egg.

These are fixed words, and the 蛋 inside them never points at a real egg. 坏蛋 means bad guy or rascal, usually said with a grin to a kid or a friend. 笨蛋 means dummy, mild and often joking, though it can sting if the tone is cold. The shape is [describing word] + 蛋 = a kind of person, with a hint of 'silly little thing'. Nobody is calling anyone an egg; they're calling them a rascal.
PhraseMeansTone
坏蛋bad guy / rascalusually playful, mild
笨蛋dummy / sillymild teasing, harsher if serious
鸡蛋chicken eggliteral food, never a person

Appears in Stories 4 stories

《热面条》 Hot Noodles on a Cold Night
HSK 1 ~5 min read 399 chars
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Follow Dazhong, a busy worker in China, as he finds warmth and kindness at a small noodle shop. Practice everyday words for food, weather, and expressing gratitude.

  • 面条里有一个 鸡蛋 。

  • 今天,面条里有两个大 鸡蛋 。

《饥饿的深意》 The Hidden Meaning of Hunger
HSK 7 ~11 min read 1243 chars
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Why would a millionaire leave a table of lobster and wagyu untouched? This story explores the hidden rules of business dining and the true cost of staying alert.

  • 到家了我就让保姆煮一碗清汤面,打两个 蛋 。

  • 你来了我让食堂给你炒个 蛋炒饭 ,正经吃的。

《吃的东西和喝的东西》 Buying Food and Drinks
HSK 1 ~4 min read 305 chars
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This is a short dialogue about a shopping trip. A woman buys many things, including food, drinks, furniture, and pet food, while her boyfriend reminds her not to overspend.

  • 我买了 鸡蛋 、面包、牛奶,还有一些水果,这些都是你和我的吃的和喝的东西,还有给我们的小猫和小狗吃的东西。

《火车没有火》 The Train Without Fire
HSK 1 ~1 min read 49 chars
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Before you read, think about names: a train is called 'fire vehicle' in Chinese, but there's no fire! This simple rhyme will help you laugh while reviewing everyday words.

  • 米饭不是米, 鸡蛋 不是 蛋 ,牛奶不是奶。

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