HSK 4 HSK 3.0 Syllabus

HSK 4 Grammar Patterns

The official syllabus of 95 core grammar structures and syntactic patterns for HSK 4, complete with bilingual example sentences.

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#245

敢

动词词类

Examples:

我刚学会开车，不敢开得很快。 I just learned to drive, so I don't dare to drive fast.
你敢不敢跟我比一比，谁的力气大？ Do you dare to compete with me to see who is stronger?

#246

各、各位、各种、任何、此

代词词类

Examples:

对于这个问题，同学们各有各的看法。 Regarding this issue, each student has their own opinion.
节日期间，各地举行了丰富的庆祝活动。 During the holiday, various places held rich celebrations.
各位同学，请大家安静一下。 Attention, everyone. Please be quiet.
欢迎各位报名参加这次运动会。 Everyone is welcome to sign up for this sports meet.
南方各种花都开了，可是北方还比较冷。 In the south, all kinds of flowers have bloomed, but it's still cold in the north.
商场、超市总是通过各种方式吸引顾客。 Shopping malls and supermarkets always attract customers through various means.
你遇到任何困难都可以联系我。 You can contact me if you encounter any difficulties.
在中国，几乎任何一家商店都可以使用手机支付。 In China, you can use mobile payment in almost any store.
此处不能扔垃圾，请扔到垃圾桶里。 No littering here. Please throw trash in the trash can.
对于此事，你的父母有什么意见？ What do your parents think about this matter?

#247

专用名量词：打、袋、棵、台、幅

量词词类

Examples:

昨晚老张买了一打啤酒。 Last night, Lao Zhang bought a dozen beers.
我买了一打鸡蛋，准备做蛋糕。 I bought a dozen eggs to make a cake.
我这儿有一袋方便面，你要不要吃？ I have a bag of instant noodles here. Would you like some?
妈妈从市场买回来好几袋水果。 Mom bought several bags of fruit from the market.
我家院子里种着两棵苹果树。 There are two apple trees planted in my yard.
小猫爬上了路边的一棵大树。 The kitten climbed up a big tree by the roadside.
这台空调太旧了，没办法修。 This air conditioner is too old to be repaired.
搬家时，我把家里那台冰箱卖了。 When I moved, I sold the refrigerator at home.
您能介绍一下这幅画吗？ Can you introduce this painting?
张老师，我想请您给我写一幅字。 Teacher Zhang, I'd like to ask you to write a piece of calligraphy for me.

#248

借用名量词：脸、手、盒、屋子、桌子

量词词类

Examples:

她拿着礼物，一脸兴奋地跑了进来。 She ran in with a face full of excitement, holding a gift.
小明见到了自己喜欢的作家，满脸高兴。 Xiaoming was all smiles when he met his favorite writer.
我不知道从哪儿弄了一手油。 I don't know where I got oil all over my hands.
他从小练习书法，写得一手好字。 He has practiced calligraphy since childhood and writes beautiful characters.
我从国外买回来一盒巧克力。 I bought a box of chocolates from abroad.
老师让我们准备一盒画笔。 The teacher asked us to prepare a box of paintbrushes.
我非常喜欢读书，家里有一屋子的书。 I love reading, and I have a room full of books at home.
我有一屋子的衣服，你随便选。 I have a room full of clothes. You can pick any.
听到这个消息，一桌子的人都很开心。 Hearing the news, the whole table of people was very happy.
我每次回家，父母都会准备一桌子饭菜。 Every time I go home, my parents prepare a table full of food.

#249

场、顿、趟

量词词类

Examples:

大卫参加了一场文化活动，体验了美食和音乐。 David participated in a cultural event and experienced food and music.
同学们都想在中国观看一场京剧演出。 The students all want to watch a Peking opera performance in China.
周末咱们去饭馆好好吃一顿，怎么样？ How about we go to a restaurant and have a nice meal this weekend?
中秋节我们一起吃了一顿饭。 We had a meal together during the Mid-Autumn Festival.
我假期打算回一趟家，看看父母。 I plan to go back home once during the holiday to visit my parents.
我刚才去了一趟办公室，没看见王老师。 I just went to the office, but I didn't see Teacher Wang.

#250

十分、更加、稍、稍微、尤其、多么

副词词类

Examples:

她十分激动地对我们表示感谢。 She expressed her gratitude to us very excitedly.
那位导游对游客十分热情。 That tour guide is very enthusiastic towards tourists.
随着互联网的发展，网上购物变得更加方便了。 With the development of the internet, online shopping has become even more convenient.
读完这本书，他对中国历史更加感兴趣了。 After reading this book, he became even more interested in Chinese history.
请您在这儿稍等一下，王经理马上就到。 Please wait here for a moment. Manager Wang will be here soon.
对于这个词，两本词典的解释稍有不同。 The explanations of this word in the two dictionaries are slightly different.
如果裙子的颜色稍微浅一点儿，那就更好了。 If the color of the skirt were a little lighter, it would be even better.
你能不能把字写得稍微大一些？ Could you write the characters a bit larger?
人与人之间，尤其是父母和孩子之间，相互理解是很重要的。 Mutual understanding between people, especially between parents and children, is very important.
刚开始，我对这里的生活很不适应，尤其不习惯吃中国菜。 At first, I was very unaccustomed to life here, especially not used to Chinese food.
你听，她唱得多么好听啊！ Listen, how beautifully she sings!
成为母亲以后，我才明白教育孩子有多么不容易。 Only after becoming a mother did I realize how difficult it is to raise a child.

#251

共、全、光、仅、仅仅、至少

副词词类

Examples:

上一年大学，学费和生活费共需多少钱？ For one year of college, how much do tuition and living expenses total?
中国人习惯一家人共吃一桌菜。 Chinese people are used to the whole family sharing dishes from one table.
昨天学习的生词和语法我已经全记住了。 I have already remembered all the new words and grammar from yesterday's lesson.
全班同学都报名参加了这次的运动会。 The whole class signed up for this sports meet.
光这一间教室，他就打扫了一整天。 Just cleaning this one classroom took him a whole day.
你不能光练口语，不练汉字，这样你的中文水平很难提高。 You can't just practice speaking and not practice writing characters; it will be hard to improve your Chinese level.
这个公园平时不开，仅在周末开放。 This park is usually closed, only open on weekends.
他仅用一年多的时间就学完了高中所有的课程。 He finished all high school courses in just over a year.
她仅仅去过一次，就深深地爱上了那里。 She had only been there once, and she fell deeply in love with the place.
你想学好中文，仅仅有想法是不够的，必须努力学习。 If you want to learn Chinese well, having the intention alone is not enough; you must study hard.
你们两个人一起去，遇到问题至少能商量一下。 If you two go together, you can at least discuss any problems that come up.
那里的景点很多，都参观完至少要三天的时间。 There are many scenic spots there; it will take at least three days to visit them all.

#252

按时、从来、赶紧、赶快、已、忽然、将、将要、从、本来

副词词类

Examples:

时间很紧张，但我们必须按时完成任务。 Time is tight, but we must finish the task on time.
医生让我回家按时吃药，多喝热水。 The doctor told me to take medicine on time and drink more warm water.
我从来没有离开过家乡，父母不放心我一个人出国留学。 I have never left my hometown, and my parents are worried about me studying abroad alone.
我常常吃饺子，可是从来不知道饺子是怎么做的。 I often eat dumplings, but I have never known how they are made.
服务员见到我们，赶紧跑过来，热情地说“欢迎”。 When the waiter saw us, he hurried over and warmly said, 'Welcome.'
这儿的风景太漂亮了，我得赶紧拍几张照片。 The scenery here is so beautiful; I need to take a few photos quickly.
咱们赶快往前走，大家都在前面等着呢。 Let's hurry forward; everyone is waiting ahead.
你现在赶快叫一辆出租车，马上出发。 Call a taxi right now and set off immediately.
到今年十月，公司的收入已超过去年。 By October this year, the company's revenue has already surpassed last year's.
他的父亲已有五十多岁，两个姐姐也都已结婚了。 His father is already over fifty, and both of his older sisters are married.
看着儿子努力学习的样子，我忽然觉得他长大了。 Seeing my son studying hard, I suddenly felt he had grown up.
忽然，我听到一个声音说“小伙子，等一等”。 Suddenly, I heard a voice saying, 'Young man, wait a moment.'
比赛一结束，他就将自己获奖的消息告诉了父母。 As soon as the competition ended, he told his parents the news of his victory.
如果孩子学到自己感兴趣的知识，他的能力将得到更好的发展。 If children learn knowledge they are interested in, their abilities will develop better.
根据计划，公司下周将要推出新产品。 According to the plan, the company will launch a new product next week.
学校最近将要安排我们到南方进行调查研究。 The school will soon arrange for us to go south for research.
我从没有听说过这个消息。 I have never heard of this news.
父母总是鼓励我，从不批评我。 My parents always encourage me and never criticize me.
我本来计划学习一年中文就回国工作，现在我想继续学下去。 I originally planned to study Chinese for a year and then return home to work, but now I want to continue studying.
我本来以为父母会反对我留在中国，没想到他们竟然这么支持。 I originally thought my parents would oppose my staying in China, but unexpectedly they are so supportive.

#253

重新、往往、偶尔、再次、老

副词词类

Examples:

我们需要重新安排会议时间。 We need to rearrange the meeting time.
这个问题，您能不能重新考虑一下？ Could you reconsider this issue?
其实，一些看起来很小的事情往往会影响人的一生。 In fact, some seemingly small things often affect a person's life.
这两个词意思差不多，如果不知道它们的区别，往往容易用错。 These two words have similar meanings; if you don't know their differences, you often use them incorrectly.
他平时工作很忙，回家以后看看书、上上网，偶尔运动一下，就睡觉了。 He is usually busy at work, and after returning home, he reads, surfs the internet, occasionally exercises, and then goes to sleep.
我们偶尔会一起出去玩儿，有时候看电影，有时候踢足球。 We occasionally go out together, sometimes to the movies, sometimes to play soccer.
老师再次提醒同学们考试以前一定要认真复习。 The teacher reminded the students again to review carefully before the exam.
再次回到童年时生活的地方，我感到既熟悉又感动。 Returning to the place where I spent my childhood, I felt both familiar and moved.
他老说要跟同学们多交流，可是从来不参加班级活动。 He always says he wants to communicate more with classmates, but he never participates in class activities.
大家的工作都很忙，你老想让别人照顾你，是不可能的。 Everyone is busy with work; you can't always expect others to take care of you.

#254

故意、互相、相互

副词词类

Examples:

真对不起，我不是故意的，你千万别生气。 I'm really sorry, I didn't do it on purpose; please don't be angry.
他故意提高声音，好让大家都能听见。 He deliberately raised his voice so that everyone could hear.
我想练习中文，咱们互相学习，互相帮助，怎么样？ I want to practice Chinese; let's learn from each other and help each other, how about that?
大家都是同学，应该互相关心，互相照顾。 We are all classmates; we should care for each other and look after each other.
国家之间应该相互尊重，相互交流，共同发展。 Countries should respect each other, exchange ideas, and develop together.
随着信息技术的发展，不同语言的相互影响越来越普遍。 With the development of information technology, mutual influence between different languages is becoming more and more common.

#255

却

副词词类

Examples:

有些打折的商品尽管便宜，质量却不能让人满意。 Although some discounted products are cheap, their quality is not satisfactory.
她长得很像她的姐姐，但两个人的性格却完全不同。 She looks a lot like her sister, but their personalities are completely different.

#256

也许、恐怕

副词词类

Examples:

你可以加一点儿糖，味道也许不错。 You can add a little sugar; it might taste good.
现在不愿意花时间练习写汉字，你将来也许会后悔的。 If you don't want to spend time practicing writing Chinese characters now, you may regret it in the future.
我感觉头疼，还有点儿咳嗽，恐怕是感冒了。 I have a headache and a bit of a cough; I'm afraid I've caught a cold.
年底是公司最忙的时候，你想休假恐怕不行。 The end of the year is the busiest time for the company; I'm afraid you can't take a vacation then.

#257

才4、就5、并1、还4、竟然、究竟、正好、到底、难道、千万、确实、只好、差（一）点儿

副词词类

Examples:

昨天那场比赛才精彩呢！ Yesterday's game was really exciting!
他总是迟到，我才不相信他今天能准时来。 He is always late; I don't believe he can arrive on time today.
我就知道他肯定会答应的。 I knew he would agree.
我就不信我考不上大学。 I just don't believe I can't get into college.
她并不相信我说的话。 She doesn't believe what I said.
我以为考试很简单，其实并没有那么简单。 I thought the exam was easy, but actually it wasn't that simple.
没想到他的中文说得还真不错。 Unexpectedly, his Chinese is actually quite good.
老张还真厉害，这么快就把问题解决了。 Old Zhang is really amazing; he solved the problem so quickly.
他竟然在那么短的时间内完成了这么复杂的工作，太厉害了。 He actually completed such a complex task in such a short time; that's amazing.
昨天天气还很暖和，没想到今天竟然下雪了。 The weather was still warm yesterday, but unexpectedly it snowed today.
他究竟是不是真的喜欢我，我还是有些怀疑。 I still doubt whether he really likes me.
我很想知道汉字究竟是怎么产生的。 I really want to know how Chinese characters actually came into being.
我明天下午正好有时间，可以帮你一起搬家。 I happen to have time tomorrow afternoon, so I can help you move.
上个月我借了一本书，今天正好一个月了，你帮我还回去吧。 I borrowed a book last month, and today is exactly one month; please return it for me.
明天就是最后一天了，你到底想不想报名？ Tomorrow is the last day; do you want to sign up or not?
昨天的比赛你看了吗？他们队到底赢了没有？ Did you watch yesterday's game? Did their team win or not?
难道你不知道坐飞机需要带护照吗？ Don't you know you need to bring your passport when flying?
你难道不认为网上购物更方便吗？ Don't you think online shopping is more convenient?
你把地址写在这儿，千万别写错了。 Write the address here; be sure not to write it wrong.
路上人多车也多，骑车时千万要小心。 There are many people and cars on the road; be careful when cycling.
昨天晚上的京剧演出确实精彩。 The Peking Opera performance last night was indeed wonderful.
跟过去相比，这里确实发生了巨大的变化。 Compared with the past, great changes have indeed taken place here.
电梯坏了，我们只好走楼梯上去。 The elevator is broken, so we have to take the stairs.
因为没买到火车票，我假期只好留在学校。 Because I couldn't get a train ticket, I had to stay at school during the holiday.
出门的时候太着急，我差（一）点儿忘带手机。 I was in such a hurry when I left that I almost forgot my phone.
我早上七点半才起床，差（一）点儿没迟到。 I got up at 7:30 in the morning and almost wasn't late.

#258

自、当、由1、随着、等1

介词词类

Examples:

自1978年以来，中国发生了很大的变化。 Since 1978, great changes have taken place in China.
我们自北京出发，开车往南走，来到了上海。 We set off from Beijing and drove south to Shanghai.
当遇到困难时，先冷静地想一想。 When you encounter difficulties, first calm down and think.
当听到放假的消息时，同学们都非常高兴。 When they heard the news of the holiday, the students were all very happy.
各位乘客，由北京飞往上海的航班就要起飞了。 Dear passengers, the flight from Beijing to Shanghai is about to take off.
学校决定由下个月开始每周增加一节中文课。 The school has decided to add one more Chinese class per week starting next month.
随着生活水平的提高，人们对食品健康的要求越来越高。 With the improvement of living standards, people's requirements for food health are getting higher and higher.
随着春天的到来，天气一天比一天暖和了。 With the arrival of spring, the weather is getting warmer day by day.
等我写完作业，咱们一起去踢足球。 When I finish my homework, let's go play football together.
等我们赶到车站，火车已经开走了。 By the time we arrived at the station, the train had already left.

#259

将、由2、叫、让

介词词类

Examples:

离开教室时，请将垃圾带走，并将门窗关好。 When leaving the classroom, please take the trash with you and close the doors and windows.
根据规定，禁止将食物带入图书馆。 According to regulations, it is forbidden to bring food into the library.
这些商品的质量问题应该由工厂负责。 The quality problems of these goods should be the responsibility of the factory.
我只是提供一些建议，到底怎么做由你决定。 I'm just offering some suggestions; it's up to you to decide what to do.
我刚才放在桌上的那些文件叫谁拿走了？ Who took the documents I put on the table just now?
我本来想去图书馆借书，可是学生证让我弄丢了。 I originally wanted to go to the library to borrow books, but I lost my student ID.

#260

由于1

介词词类

Examples:

由于上次失败的经历，她对自己失去了信心。 Due to her previous failure, she lost confidence in herself.
由于工作的原因，我一年内搬了好几次家。 Because of work, I moved several times within a year.

#261

对于、与1

介词词类

Examples:

对于任何一种语言，文字的出现都是十分重要的。 For any language, the appearance of writing is very important.
对于学习成绩优秀的同学，学校每年都会提供奖学金。 For students with excellent academic performance, the school provides scholarships every year.
你放心，我们会与你共同解决这个问题。 Don't worry, we will work with you to solve this problem.
这件事我没与任何人交流过。 I haven't discussed this with anyone.

#262

作为、按、按照

介词词类

Examples:

作为生活在中国的外国人，我很想了解中国人的生活习惯。 As a foreigner living in China, I really want to understand Chinese people's living habits.
作为首都，北京的发展比一般的城市更快，工作机会更多。 As the capital, Beijing develops faster than ordinary cities and has more job opportunities.
你应该按医生说的方法坚持锻炼。 You should exercise according to the method the doctor said.
这里租房子比较方便，房租可以按月付，也可以按天付。 Renting a house here is convenient; rent can be paid monthly or daily.
按照北方人的习惯，过年一般要吃饺子。 According to northerners' customs, people usually eat dumplings during the New Year.
我们已经按照计划完成了全部工作。 We have completed all the work according to the plan.

#263

并2、而1、与2

连词词类

Examples:

学校同意并支持学生们的想法。 The school agreed with and supported the students' ideas.
公司讨论并通过了这项计划。 The company discussed and passed the plan.
这里的人民热情而友好。 The people here are warm and friendly.
她工作起来积极而努力。 She works actively and diligently.
学校与家庭对孩子的影响同样重要。 The influence of school and family on children is equally important.
课程目标是帮助学生提高阅读能力与听说能力。 The course aims to help students improve their reading and listening skills.

#264

此外、而2、既然、甚至、不过、并且

连词词类

Examples:

我每天要上两节中文课，此外一周还要参加一次文化活动。 I have two Chinese classes every day, and in addition, I participate in a cultural activity once a week.
我来中国是想提高自己的汉语水平，此外还想学习中国文化。 I came to China to improve my Chinese, and I also want to learn about Chinese culture.
冬天的时候，北方下雪比较多，而南方下雪比较少。 In winter, it snows more in the north, while in the south it snows less.
他们兄弟的性格完全不同，哥哥喜欢热闹，而弟弟喜欢安静。 The brothers have completely different personalities: the elder brother likes excitement, while the younger brother likes quiet.
你说得对，既然来了中国，就要学习一些中国的文化。 You're right. Since you've come to China, you should learn some Chinese culture.
既然你决定应聘那份工作，就应该认真准备面试。 Since you've decided to apply for that job, you should prepare seriously for the interview.
活动还没开始，教室里就坐满了人，甚至还有人站在后面。 Before the event started, the classroom was already full, and some people even stood in the back.
他最近工作很忙，有时候甚至连吃饭的时间都没有。 He has been very busy at work lately, sometimes he doesn't even have time to eat.
我姐姐还没有结婚，不过已经有男朋友了。 My sister isn't married yet, but she already has a boyfriend.
那家公司的地址我也不知道，不过我可以上网帮你查查。 I don't know the address of that company either, but I can look it up online for you.
从那天开始，我就跟着老师学习中国功夫，并且一直坚持到现在。 From that day on, I started learning Chinese kung fu with the teacher, and I've kept it up until now.
她打算在中国学习中文，并且还想申请读研究生。 She plans to study Chinese in China, and she also wants to apply for graduate school.

#265

不光、不仅、另外、要是、因此、由于2、加上

连词词类

Examples:

我不光要学习中文，还要学习中国的历史和文化。 I not only want to learn Chinese, but also Chinese history and culture.
学校周围不光环境好，交通也很方便。 The area around the school is not only beautiful, but also has convenient transportation.
我弟弟不仅学习成绩好，而且性格也很好。 My younger brother not only does well in school, but also has a great personality.
骑自行车旅行不仅便宜，还能锻炼身体。 Traveling by bicycle is not only cheap, but also good exercise.
我大学学的是广告专业，另外还有三年工作经验。 I majored in advertising in college, and I also have three years of work experience.
这些商品质量不错，另外价格也比较便宜。 These products are of good quality, and the prices are relatively cheap.
要是你也觉得满意，咱们就买吧。 If you are satisfied too, let's buy it.
要是天气不好，明天的活动就取消。 If the weather is bad, tomorrow's event will be cancelled.
买汽车的人越来越多，因此堵车成为了城市交通的大问题。 More and more people are buying cars, so traffic jams have become a major problem in cities.
她在中国生活过，因此对中国文化有一些了解。 She has lived in China, so she has some understanding of Chinese culture.
由于去晚了，前面没有座位了，我只好坐在最后一排。 Because I went late, there were no seats in the front, so I had to sit in the last row.
由于天气原因，我们的航班被取消了。 Due to weather conditions, our flight was cancelled.
我爸爸平时工作很忙，加上经常出差，有时候一周也见不到他。 My dad is usually busy with work, and on top of that, he often travels on business, so sometimes I don't see him for a week.
景区实在太大了，加上天气这么热，走了半天，我们又累又渴。 The scenic area was too big, and with the hot weather, after walking for a long time, we were both tired and thirsty.

#266

等2、者、之、就是

助词词类

Examples:

我会说英语、汉语、法语等很多种语言。 I can speak many languages, such as English, Chinese, French, etc.
你最好提前上网了解一下那里的天气、交通、景点等方面的信息。 You'd better check the weather, transportation, attractions, and other aspects online in advance.
根据学校的规定，迟到十分钟以上者不允许参加考试。 According to school rules, those who are more than ten minutes late are not allowed to take the exam.
申请参加会议者，请将您的个人信息发送到此邮箱。 Those who wish to apply to attend the conference, please send your personal information to this email.
其实，来中国留学一开始并不在我的计划之内。 Actually, studying abroad in China was not in my plans at first.
我希望在提高中文水平的基础之上，能够学习一些专业知识。 I hope to learn some professional knowledge on the basis of improving my Chinese.
我们明天一定完成任务，您放心就是了。 We will definitely complete the task tomorrow, you can rest assured.
我开车去学校接你，你在门口等我就是了。 I'll drive to school to pick you up, just wait for me at the door.

#267

啊、嗯

叹词词类

Examples:

啊，原来是这么一回事！ Ah, so that's what happened!
啊，这么多人排队！ Wow, so many people are queuing!
A：八点出发来得及吗？ A: Is it enough time if we leave at eight?
B：嗯，应该来得及。 B: Hmm, it should be enough.

#268

数词+形容词+量词

结构类型短语

Examples:

奶奶把一小盒巧克力装进了孙子的书包里。 Grandma put a small box of chocolates into her grandson's schoolbag.
回国前，我给父母买了两大包中国茶作为礼物。 Before returning home, I bought two large bags of Chinese tea as gifts for my parents.

#269

一A一B

固定短语短语

Examples:

她说话的声音不大，但是一字一句说得很清楚。 She spoke in a low voice, but she said every word clearly, one by one.
这会儿路上堵车，一来一回至少需要两个小时。 The traffic is heavy now, so going there and coming back will take at least two hours.

#270

无A无B

固定短语短语

Examples:

我无儿无女，一人吃饱全家不饿。 I have no children and no spouse, so I only need to feed myself and I'm full.
母亲无日无夜地照顾着生病的孩子。 The mother took care of her sick child day and night without rest.

#271

有A有B

固定短语短语

Examples:

下课了，同学们有说有笑地走出了教室。 After class, the students walked out of the classroom chatting and laughing.
这部作品的每个人物都写得有血有肉。 Every character in this work is written with flesh and blood.

#272

来得及/来不及

固定短语短语

Examples:

我这两天很忙，没来得及考虑这个问题。 I've been busy these past two days and didn't have time to consider this issue.
我想参加明天的比赛，现在报名来得及吗？ I want to participate in tomorrow's competition. Is it still possible to sign up now?
我发现这个问题时已经太晚了，来不及做出任何改变。 By the time I discovered the problem, it was already too late to make any changes.
飞机就要起飞了，你得快一点儿，否则就来不及了。 The plane is about to take off. You need to hurry up, or you'll miss it.

#273

有的是

固定短语短语

Examples:

一次失败并不可怕，以后有的是机会。 One failure is not scary; there will be plenty of opportunities in the future.
这种水果我的家乡有的是。 This kind of fruit is abundant in my hometown.

#274

说不定

固定短语短语

Examples:

客人来不来还说不定。 It's still uncertain whether the guest will come or not.
说不定路上堵车，再等一会儿吧。 Maybe there's a traffic jam on the road; let's wait a bit longer.

#275

不怎么

固定短语短语

Examples:

她从来都不怎么关心别人的看法。 She has never really cared much about others' opinions.
从检查结果来看，他受的伤不怎么严重。 According to the examination results, his injury is not very serious.

#276

就是说/这就是说

固定短语短语

Examples:

他们没有直接拒绝你，而是让你回来等消息，就是说，你还有机会，千万不要放弃。 They didn't directly reject you, but asked you to come back and wait for news. That is to say, you still have a chance, so don't give up.
他总是为自己的错误找各种原因，这就是说，他是一个不愿意负责任的人。 He always finds excuses for his mistakes. In other words, he is not a person willing to take responsibility.

#277

一+量词+比+一+量词

固定格式

Examples:

他的表演一次比一次精彩。 His performance is more exciting each time.
最近天气一天比一天暖和。 The weather is getting warmer day by day.

#278

在……方面

固定格式

Examples:

在教育孩子方面，张老师有丰富的经验。 In terms of educating children, Teacher Zhang has rich experience.
在生活方面，他还不太习惯。 In terms of daily life, he is still not quite used to it.

#279

够……的

固定格式

Examples:

这个房间真够大的，估计能住七八个人。 This room is really big enough; it can probably accommodate seven or eight people.
你男朋友真够浪漫的，每天都给你送一枝花。 Your boyfriend is really romantic enough; he sends you a flower every day.

#280

拿……来说

固定格式

Examples:

中国各地的生活习惯各不相同，拿吃饭来说，南方人一般喜欢吃米饭，而北方人爱吃面条、馒头等面食。 Habits and customs vary across China. Take eating, for example: southerners generally like rice, while northerners prefer noodles, steamed buns, and other wheat-based foods.
科技改变了人类的生活，拿交通来说，高铁的出现使人们的日常出行更快、更方便了。 Technology has changed human life. Take transportation, for instance: the advent of high-speed rail has made daily travel faster and more convenient.

#281

再也不/没……

固定格式

Examples:

我保证今后再也不迟到了。 I promise I will never be late again.
大学毕业以后，我再也没见过他。 After graduating from university, I never saw him again.

#282

怎么都/也+不/没……

固定格式

Examples:

他们跑了好几家医院，怎么也没查出孩子生病的原因。 They went to several hospitals, but no matter what, they couldn't find out why the child was sick.
尽管每天细心照顾，可阳台上的花怎么都不开。 Even though I carefully took care of them every day, the flowers on the balcony just wouldn't bloom.

#283

为了……而……

固定格式

Examples:

为了梦想而努力的人值得我们学习。 People who work hard for their dreams are worth learning from.
我们减少使用塑料袋，是为了保护环境而改变习惯。 We are reducing the use of plastic bags in order to protect the environment and change our habits.

#284

动词+一X是一X

固定格式

Examples:

虽然日子过得很难，但也不能过一天是一天。 Although life is hard, you can't just live day by day.
要学的内容实在太多了，学一点儿是一点儿吧。 There is so much to learn, so let's just learn a little bit at a time.

#285

（没）有什么（好）X的

固定格式

Examples:

想好了就直接做，有什么好害怕的。 If you've made up your mind, just do it. What's there to be afraid of?
只是一次考试没考好，没有什么好难过的。 It's just one bad exam, there's nothing to be sad about.

#286

X是X，Y是Y

固定格式

Examples:

他是他，我是我，我们的意见不一样。 He is he, and I am I; our opinions are different.
工作是工作，家庭是家庭，不要用工作的方式解决家里的问题。 Work is work, and family is family; don't solve family problems with a work approach.

#287

X也得X，不X也得X

固定格式

Examples:

这场会议很重要，你去也得去，不去也得去。 This meeting is very important; you have to go whether you want to or not.
结果改变不了了，你接受也得接受，不接受也得接受。 The result cannot be changed; you have to accept it whether you like it or not.

#288

X就是了

固定格式

Examples:

别浪费时间了，有什么想法说就是了。 Don't waste time; just say what you think.
你不要生气，下次別答应他就是了。 Don't get angry; just don't agree with him next time.

#289

还X呢

固定格式

Examples:

还国际公司呢，服务质量这么差。 Some international company! The service quality is so poor.
还中文专业的呢，中文说得还不如我。 Some Chinese major! Your Chinese is even worse than mine.

#290

你X你的吧

固定格式

Examples:

我不饿，你吃你的吧，不用等我。 I'm not hungry; you go ahead and eat, no need to wait for me.
没有什么重要的事，你忙你的吧。 There's nothing important; you go ahead and do your work.

#291

让/叫你X你就X

固定格式

Examples:

老师让你多练你就多练，肯定没坏处。 If the teacher tells you to practice more, then practice more; it's definitely not bad for you.
叫你拿着你就拿着，不用跟我客气。 If I tell you to take it, then take it; no need to be polite with me.

#292

说什么/怎么（着）也得X

固定格式

Examples:

他受伤了，我说什么也得去看看他。 He's injured; no matter what, I have to go see him.
快要迟到了，说什么也得走了。 We're about to be late; no matter what, we have to leave now.
这么有用的技术，我怎么（着）也得学。 Such a useful skill, no matter what, I have to learn it.

#293

X就X（点儿）吧

固定格式

Examples:

买就买（点儿）吧，也不太贵。 Fine, buy a little then; it's not too expensive.
慢就慢（点儿）吧，能做完就行。 Fine, it's a bit slow, but as long as we can finish, it's okay.

#294

X是X

固定格式

Examples:

我们讨论是讨论了，可是大家各有各的想法。 We did discuss it, but everyone has their own ideas.
留学生活累是累，不过我们学到了很多知识。 Studying abroad is tiring, but we learned a lot.

#295

形容词/心理动词+死了/厉害

句子成分

Examples:

面试的时候，我心里紧张死了。 During the interview, I was extremely nervous.
不知道从哪儿来的声音，吵死了。 There was a noise from somewhere, extremely annoying.
吃完冰激凌，我突然牙疼得厉害。 After eating ice cream, I suddenly had a severe toothache.
我们这儿有个同学病得很厉害，请你们赶快来看看。 We have a classmate who is seriously ill; please come quickly and take a look.

#296

动词+得/不+了

句子成分

Examples:

你点了这么多菜，咱们两个人吃得了吗？ You ordered so many dishes, can the two of us finish them?
我帮你一起做，下班之前肯定完成得了。 I'll help you do it together; we can definitely finish before work ends.
行李太重了，我一个人拿不了。 The luggage is too heavy; I can't carry it alone.
明天的比赛他参加不了。 He can't participate in tomorrow's match.

#297

难道……吗？

句类句子的类型

Examples:

作为学生，难道学习不是最重要的事情吗？ As a student, isn't studying the most important thing?
工作出了问题，你难道不应该负责吗？ Since there's a problem at work, shouldn't you take responsibility?

#298

由疑问代词构成的反问句

句类句子的类型

Examples:

这么有名的作家，谁不认识他？ Such a famous writer, who doesn't know him?
他去哪儿从来不说，我怎么会知道呢？ He never says where he goes; how would I know?
事情这么多，我哪儿有时间出去旅游啊？ With so many things to do, how do I have time to travel?

#299

主语+把+宾语+动词（+一/了）+动词

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

你再把那件衣服洗一洗。 Wash those clothes again.
你把窗户擦一擦，我把地板扫一扫 You wipe the windows, and I'll sweep the floor.
他把钱算了算，又取了一点儿出来。 He counted the money and took out a bit more.

#300

主语+把+宾语+动词+了

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

我把银行卡密码忘了。 I forgot my bank card password.
他把新买的手机丢了。 He lost his newly bought phone.

#301

主语+把+宾语+动词+动量补语/时量补语

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

因为不收拾房间，妈妈把他批评了一顿。 Because I didn't tidy the room, my mom gave me a good scolding.
同学们把课文读了两遍。 The students read the text twice.
他把这个问题认真地考虑了好几天。 He thought about this problem carefully for several days.

#302

主语+把+宾语+状语+动词

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

你别把垃圾往地上扔。 Don't throw trash on the ground.
请大家把说明书认真读一读。 Please read the instructions carefully.

#303

主语+叫/让+宾语+动词+其他成分

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

我的自行车让朋友借去了。 My bike was borrowed by a friend.
相机叫谁拿走了？ Who took the camera away?

#304

表爱憎义：主语+表扬/批评+宾语1+动词+宾语2

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

老师表扬我取得了好成绩。 The teacher praised me for getting good grades.
警察表扬那个小伙子帮助了别人。 The police praised that young man for helping others.
妈妈总是批评我不收拾房间。 My mom always criticizes me for not tidying my room.
经理批评我没带会议资料。 The manager criticized me for not bringing the meeting materials.

#305

表称谓或认定义：主语+收/选+宾语1+做/当/为+宾语2

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

同学们选我做小组长。 The classmates elected me as group leader.
大家想选他当队长。 Everyone wants to elect him as captain.
张教授同意收我为学生。 Professor Zhang agreed to accept me as his student.

#306

表致使：主语+使/让+人称代词+动词短语

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

这件事使我改变了对她的印象。 This matter made me change my impression of her.
那些美好的回忆让我永远难忘。 Those beautiful memories will never be forgotten by me.

#307

A不如B（+形容词）

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

现在堵车，打车不如坐地铁快。 There's a traffic jam now, so taking the subway is faster than taking a taxi.
我觉得玩游戏不如看小说有意思。 I think playing games is not as interesting as reading novels.

#308

跟……相比

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

跟线下购物相比，上网买东西更符合年轻人的习惯。 Compared with offline shopping, buying things online better fits young people's habits.
跟其他公司相比，我们的产品不但便宜，而且服务也好。 Compared with other companies, our products are not only cheaper but also have better service.

#309

用双重否定表示强调

特殊句型句子的类型

Examples:

没有学生不喜欢放假。 No student doesn't like having holidays.
这么重要的内容老师不可能没讲过。 It's impossible that the teacher hasn't mentioned such important content.

#310

不是……，而是……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

他不是不想帮忙，而是确实没时间。 It's not that he doesn't want to help, but rather he really doesn't have time.
我不是不爱喝咖啡，而是担心晚上睡不着。 It's not that I don't like coffee, but rather I'm worried I won't be able to sleep at night.

#311

既……，又/也……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

这个牌子的奶茶既好喝，又健康。 This brand of milk tea is both delicious and healthy.
我每天骑自行车上学，这样既能锻炼身体，也对环境保护有帮助。 I ride my bike to school every day, which both exercises my body and helps the environment.

#312

一方面……，另一方面……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

参加文化活动一方面可以增长知识，另一方面可以认识新的朋友。 Participating in cultural activities can, on the one hand, increase knowledge, and on the other hand, help you make new friends.
想要解决大城市堵车的问题，一方面要提高公共交通服务质量，另一方面要让人们养成绿色出行的习惯。 To solve the traffic congestion problem in big cities, on the one hand, we need to improve the quality of public transportation services, and on the other hand, we need to encourage people to develop green travel habits.

#313

首先……，其次……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

选择职业的时候，应该首先了解自己的性格、能力，其次再考虑工资、收入等方面的问题。 When choosing a career, you should first understand your own personality and abilities, and then consider issues like salary and income.
我学汉语首先是因为对中国文化感兴趣，其次是为了获得更多的工作机会。 I study Chinese firstly because I am interested in Chinese culture, and secondly to gain more job opportunities.

#314

首先……，然后……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

首先要找到一个合适的目标，然后坚持学习，这样才能学好中文。 First, you need to find a suitable goal, and then persist in learning, only then can you learn Chinese well.
校长首先对同学们表示欢迎，然后介绍了学校的一些基本情况。 The principal first welcomed the students, and then introduced some basic information about the school.

#315

……，于是……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

人们喜欢一边喝咖啡，一边聊天儿，于是城市里的咖啡馆越来越多。 People like to chat while drinking coffee, so there are more and more cafes in the city.
大家不断地鼓励我，于是我决定报名参加这个比赛。 Everyone kept encouraging me, so I decided to sign up for this competition.

#316

……,甚至……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

为了锻炼身体，我一有空就去健身房，甚至专门请了一个健身教练。 To stay fit, I go to the gym whenever I have free time, and I even hired a personal trainer.
收到大学的入学通知，我高兴极了，甚至觉得自己是世界上最幸福的人。 When I received the university admission notice, I was overjoyed, and I even felt like the happiest person in the world.

#317

不仅/不光……，还/而且……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

我们学习生词，不仅要理解词语的意思，而且应该知道怎么使用。 When we learn new words, we should not only understand their meanings but also know how to use them.
这里不光有美丽的风景，还有各种少见的动物、植物。 This place not only has beautiful scenery, but also has various rare animals and plants.

#318

……，并且……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

经过四年的努力，他终于顺利毕业，并且有了一家自己的公司。 After four years of hard work, he finally graduated successfully and started his own company.
随着经济的发展，人们的生活水平提高了，并且对健康和生活质量的要求也越来越高。 With economic development, people's living standards have improved, and their demands for health and quality of life are also increasing.

#319

连……也/都……，……更……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

我有时候连老师说的话也听不懂，听广播就更难了。 Sometimes I can't even understand what the teacher says, so listening to the radio is even harder.
受伤以后，他连走路都困难，踢足球更不可能了。 After being injured, he has difficulty even walking, let alone playing football.

#320

不是……，就是……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

毕业以后，同学们不是留在中国继续学习，就是回国工作。 After graduation, students either stay in China to continue studying or go back home to work.
周末他不是在游泳馆游泳，就是在篮球场打篮球。 On weekends, he either swims at the pool or plays basketball on the court.

#321

尽管……，但是/可是……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

尽管收入不高，但是我对这份工作很满意。 Although my income is not high, I am very satisfied with this job.
尽管已经很晚了，可是她仍然在学习。 Although it was already very late, she was still studying.

#322

……，然而……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

我知道那部电影很有意思，然而太忙了，一直没时间看。 I know that movie is very interesting, however I've been too busy and haven't had time to watch it.
她以为能轻松通过考试，然而成绩却不太好。 She thought she could easily pass the exam, however her grades were not very good.

#323

……，不过……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

我很想参加你的生日晚会，不过我明天有考试，得好好复习。 I really want to attend your birthday party, but I have an exam tomorrow and need to study well.
他只学了三个月中文，不过已经说得不错了。 He has only studied Chinese for three months, but he already speaks it quite well.

#324

……X是X，就是/不过……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

这些衣服便宜是便宜，就是感觉质量不太好。 These clothes are cheap, but the quality doesn't seem very good.
小张这个人聪明是聪明，不过有时候比较懒。 Xiao Zhang is smart, but sometimes he is a bit lazy.

#325

……，否则……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

你下了飞机记得给妈妈打个电话，否则她会一直担心你。 Remember to call your mom after you get off the plane, otherwise she will keep worrying about you.
课后一定要经常复习，否则很快就会忘记。 You must review regularly after class, otherwise you will soon forget.

#326

要是……，就……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

你要是想取得成功，就必须坚持到底。 If you want to succeed, you must persevere.
要是人人都能节约用水，地球的环境就能得到更好的保护。 If everyone could save water, the Earth's environment would be better protected.

#327

要是……，（就）……，否则……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

要是你打算假期去旅游，就提前上网订票，否则到时候就买不到了。 If you plan to travel during the holiday, book tickets online in advance; otherwise, you won't be able to get them then.
要是你不常穿，最好就不要买，否则买了也是浪费。 If you don't wear it often, you'd better not buy it; otherwise, buying it would be a waste.

#328

不管……，都/也……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

不管在什么地方，说话、办事都要有礼貌。 No matter where you are, you should be polite in speech and behavior.
不管别人怎么说，我也不会改变主意。 No matter what others say, I won't change my mind.

#329

无论……，都/也……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

无论在多么紧张的情况下，他都表现得非常冷静。 No matter how tense the situation is, he remains very calm.
无论遇到多大的困难，我们也不应该随便放弃。 No matter how great the difficulty, we should not give up easily.

#330

既然……，就……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

既然你这么喜欢小孩儿，毕业以后就当老师吧。 Since you like children so much, you should become a teacher after graduation.
既然来了，就进屋喝杯茶吧。 Since you're here, come in and have a cup of tea.

#331

（由于）……，因此……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

由于您没带护照，因此不能办理银行卡。 Because you didn't bring your passport, you can't get a bank card.
我对京剧很感兴趣，因此报名参加了这次活动。 I'm very interested in Peking opera, so I signed up for this activity.

#332

……，好……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

我每天都给父母打电话，好让他们放心。 I call my parents every day so that they can feel reassured.
我们应该多鼓励他，好让他有信心。 We should encourage him more so that he can gain confidence.

#333

即使……，也……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

你即使干到明天早上，恐怕也干不完。 Even if you work until tomorrow morning, I'm afraid you still won't finish.
即使工作再忙，也要常回家看看父母。 Even if work is busy, you should still often go home to see your parents.

#334

就是……，也……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

我今天晚上就是不睡觉，也必须解决这个问题。 Even if I don't sleep tonight, I must solve this problem.
你就是不同意，我也不会改变自己的决定。 Even if you disagree, I won't change my decision.

#335

无标记

复句句子的类型

Examples:

你着急你先走吧。 If you're in a hurry, go ahead.
站得高看得远。 Stand high, see far.
他同意我不同意。 He agrees, but I disagree.

#336

不……也……

复句句子的类型

Examples:

今晚我不睡觉也要把作业写完。 Even if I don't sleep tonight, I must finish my homework.
你不喜欢做也得做。 Even if you don't like it, you still have to do it.

#337

概数表示法3：数词+来+量词

数的表示法特殊表达法

Examples:

我们的宿舍楼有三百来间房。 Our dormitory building has about three hundred rooms.
书架上放着一百来本书。 There are about a hundred books on the bookshelf.
这条大鱼估计有十来斤重。 This big fish probably weighs about ten jin.

#338

用“大约、左右、前后”表示概数

数的表示法特殊表达法

Examples:

客人大约下午两点到公司参观。 The guests will arrive at the company for a visit at about 2 PM.
我的中文老师四十岁左右。 My Chinese teacher is around forty years old.
春节前后，很多商场有打折活动。 Around the Spring Festival, many shopping malls have discount activities.

#339

小数、分数、百分数、倍数的表示法

数的表示法特殊表达法

Examples:

零点五、三分之一、百分之二十、两倍 Zero point five, one third, twenty percent, two times
老师听写了二十个汉字，每个汉字零点五分，一共十分。 The teacher dictated twenty Chinese characters, each worth 0.5 points, for a total of ten points.
我们班有三分之一的同学没去过长城。 One third of the students in our class have never been to the Great Wall.
跟去年相比，今年游客的数量减少了百分之二十。 Compared to last year, the number of tourists this year has decreased by twenty percent.
我的收入比去年提高了两倍。 My income has increased by two times compared to last year.